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This study highlights the effect of topographic reliefs on the observed damage distribution in the city of Boumerdes after the 2003 Algeria earthquake. Supported by field observations and using a 15-meter grid cell dimension ground digital elevation model (DEM), the topographical situation of the city is simplifically generalized to three possible terrain positions: small hill-tops, steep slopes, and plains. The results of analyses shows that the damaged buildings, mostly mid-rise RC moment...
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In this paper we investigated the attitudes of teachers in shaping the culture of schools. In the 21st century, schools face new challenges within increasingly diversified environments. Emphasis is now placed on the need for school leaders and teachers to continually and explicitly create, understand, and nurture school culture so that schools become adept at innovating within the pervasive context of educational diversity and renewal. We examined the culture of two schools in order to gain...
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This paper presents the role and contribution of forest in controlling climate change in Tanzania and globally. Apart from climate change control, forests contribute to the survival of the human being; they provide shelter for wildlife and food for people, fodder to livestock, water, medicinal plants and fuel as well as other indirect benefits. Indirect benefits include regulating climate, attracting rainfall, soil erosion control and provide shade. Despite these benefits, evidence shows...
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The Lusushwana River, which is within the Maputo River Basin, forms the western boundary of Matsapha, the most industrialized town in Swaziland. Current findings suggest that the Lusushwana River is polluted by industries within the town. What is not clear is the establishment of an association between the industries and the river quality, the extent of pollution in the river, and whether the river can meet national water quality objectives. Further, literature implies that the pollution...
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Background: Intestinal obstruction is a condition that results in failure of the contents of the intestine to progress though the lumen of the bowel. The most common cause is a mechanical blockage resulting from adhesions, impacted faeces, tumour of the bowel, hernia, intussusception, volvulus, or the strictures of inflammatory bowel disease etc. obstruction may also be the result of pseudo obstruction or paralytic ileus. Intestinal obstruction is a common emergency condition, met at all...
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From 2003 to 2006, Project Brotherhood, Responsibility, and Outreach (Project B.R.O.) offered comprehensive sex education to young East African men in San Diego, California. Project B.R.O. emerged from anecdotal reports made by police and service-sector officials that gang activity, teen prostitution, and teen pregnancy were fast-rising threats among Somali youth, and sought to test whether a “culturally appropriate” intervention could stem those trends. This essay examines the racial...
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Low-carbon (emission) economic development pathways are needed to contain and gradually slow emissions of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) that cause global climate change. As developing countries contribute to GHG emissions largely through land management practices that degrade landscape carbon stocks, climate change strategies in developing countries must give specific attention to land management. Yet, current mechanisms for international investment or incentives in emission reductions from...