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There is an increasing consensus that in the next decades climate changes will generate yield decrease in low income countries. So will it be in Benin. It has been claimed that climate changes impact studies often assume certain adaptations and little explicit examination of how, when, why, and under what conditions they occur. This research aims at analysing the endogenous strategies developed by farmers in agricultural land and crop management. With random stratified sampling, 70 farmers...

This study dealt with the Role of Principals in Promotion of Girl-Child Education in Mixed Day Secondary Schools in Rongo and Ndhiwa Districts, Kenya.Objective of the article was to determine strategies principals put in place to deal with challenges that affect girl child participation in education in Rongo and Ndhiwa Districts.The research question was; what strategies do principals use to cope with challenges they face in promoting girl child participation in Education in Rongo and Ndhiwa...

The debate on whether climate change will impact on peoples’ livelihoods and, hence, the need to act is essentially over and has instead shifted to the development of strategies needed by different regions and countries to adapt to climate change effects. However, there is still scanty information necessary to ably address climate change related issues. There is a considerable knowledge gap with respect to climate change impact, vulnerability and adaptation to increased climate variability...

Women and the elderly living in semi-arid environments of Kenya are vulnerable to the frequent exposure to impacts of changing climate and need to access climate information and support services to build their adaptive capacity. This study characterised the channels through which these vulnerable people (women aged 24 to 60 years; elderly men and women aged at least 65 years) in a semi arid area of Kenya access climate information and support services from data collected from randomly...

Perceptions and knowledge play a key role in shaping individual and collective response to climate change. Understanding gender dimensions of climate change perceptions and knowledge contributes to effective climate change adaptation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate male and female farmers’ perceptions, knowledge as well as its (knowledge) determinants with respect to climate change in the Teso sub-region, eastern Uganda. Data from male- and female-headed households were analysed...

Climate change is today a major threat to sustainable development, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, that is anticipated to be most vulnerable because of low adaptive capacity and high dependency on climate sensitive resources such as water resources and ecological systems. This paper highlights the local dimension of adaptation to climate change and the importance of local knowledge in adaptation planning. Generally, adaptation and mitigation are the main known approaches to address...

This study evaluates the potential impact of climate change on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) grain yield under different crop residue and nutrient management systems in a smallholder farming system. The Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) was used in this scenario analysis. Two crop residue management types (crop residue retention in soil and crop residue removal) and fertiliser management (no fertilisation and application of 40, 30 kg P ha -1 ) were the scenarios...

Kenya comprises of 83% arid and semi-arid land mainly suited to extensive livestock production. Communities living in the semi-arid areas have been affected by serious effects of climate change and variability. A study was carried out to evaluate farmer perceptions and adaptation to climate change in Naro Moru and Nairutia areas (both in Nyeri North District) and Matanya in Lamuria Division in Laikipia East District, areas that are typically semi-arid in nature. The farmers identified...

The increasing frequency and severity of droughts and floods, the shift in onset of the rains, increasing intensity of mid-season wet and dry spells and variations in the cessation of the rains in the last 50 years have been identified in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Third Assessment Report (IPCC-TAR) as a major consequence of climate change. This paper presents a study that was conducted to project climatic trends in Zimbabwe by the end of the 21 st Century. Observed data...

Farmers in semi-arid Zimbabwe prioritise climate variability as their major agricultural productivity-reducing problem. This paper raises the importance of considering local farmers’ perceptions on climate risk, as this greatly influences on-farm investments and decision-making in agricultural management and production in semiarid Zimbabwe. A study was conducted in two districts of semi-arid Zimbabwe using participatory research techniques, to investigate farmers’ perceptions of climate...

Increasing awareness of risks associated with climate change and variability among smallholder farmers is critical in building their capacity to develop the necessary adaptive measures. Using farmer participatory research approaches and formal questionnaire surveys, interaction has been made with >800 farmers in two distinct smallholder farming systems of Makoni and Wedza Districts in eastern Zimbabwe to determine the current level of understanding of climate change and variability, current...

Zimbabwe was divided into five agro-ecological regions in the 1960s, however, the increased variability of rainfall has possibly affected the agro-ecological region boundaries. This study re-classifies the agro-ecological regions (natural regions) of Zimbabwe using soil data, mean-annual rainfall and length of growing season. Rainfall data from selected meteorological stations covered the period 1972- 2006. Soil data were obtained from the soil map of Zimbabwe, while length of growing...

The increasing global consensus built on empirical evidence that the world is facing a threat from climate change has sustained the feeling and belief that many countries in tropical and sub-tropical regions be more vulnerable to the bizarre phenomenon. The situation will be most severe in Africa where information on climate change is the poorest, technological change has been the slowest, and the domestic economies depend the most heavily on agriculture. The study examined the relative...

The effects of climate change are a major threat to the environment and sustainable development of most subSaharan African countries. The perceptions and adaptation strategies of beekeepers and other operators in the honey sector (i.e. honey hunters) to climate change are, however, not adequately explored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of beekeepers and honey hunters towards climate change and strategies of adaptation in north-west Benin. In that respect, a...

Although there are well-established concerns about climate change effects in northern Ethiopia, there is little quantitative information concerning how serious these effects are to small holder farming. Moreover, studies on farm level adaptations that farmers make to minimise the potential impacts of climate change are lacking. Both quantitative and qualitative information were, therefore, collected in a household survey in three representative agro-ecological zones to investigate these...

This study describes the place of reflective practice in quality assurance of teacher education professional development programme in Nigerian Colleges of Education.In relation to teaching practice, identified performance deficiencies were: poor student teachers' motivation to teach, low self efficacy, lack of acceptable preconception of teaching and learning and deficiency in transition of theory into practice in actual school setting.Among factors implicated for the deficiencies is the...

Thanks to Tanzania Meteorological Agency for provision of long-term climatic data for Same district. This project was funded by the Climate Change Adaptation in Africa (CCAA) programme, a joint initiative of Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development (DFID).

Paper presented at the Library Technology Event, 21 Sept 2012, at Unisa Muckleneuk Campus, Pretoria.