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Background. The US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)-funded Medical Education Partnership Initiative (MEPI) aims to support medical education and research in sub-Saharan African institutions. The intention is to increase the quantity, quality and retention of graduates with specific skills addressing the health needs of their populations. While many MEPI programmes include elements of community-based education (CBE), such as community placements, clinical rotations in...

<p>Several local studies have been carried out on the impact of climate change on livelihoods and development especially in developing countries. However, there is a general scarcity of literature that makes a comparative appraisal of the impacts of climate change on agro-ecological based livelihoods across the African continent. This paper seeks to address that gap by making a comparative analysis of the effects of climate change on agro-based livelihoods across the African continent,...

Context: Adolescent sexual behavior is shaped by series of interlinking individual and family related factors. Information on how these factors influence early sexual debut could help in mounting programmatic strategies to modify adolescent sexual behavior. Objective: To determine the age at first sexual intercourse and its determinants among senior secondary schools students in Ojo military barracks, Lagos. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 400 senior secondary...

The potential of high quality early childhood care and education ECCE programmes to deliver positive outcomes for children and society is well recognised. But delivering on this potential presents huge challenges, especially in low and middle income countries. This final working paper in the Transitions in Early Childhood series focusses on Ethiopia. While in many respects Ethiopia is a success story of Education For All, in terms of increased enrolments in primary education, the early years...

This study sought to find out how the head teachers’ supervision of curriculum implementation influences provision of quality education in Kisumu East Sub-County Secondary schools, Kenya. The study population consisted of 13 public and 4 private secondary schools in Kisumu East Sub-County. The total population of the study was 1114. Out of these 924 were Form Four candidates, 174 teachers and 17 head teachers. The study used a sample size of 382 consisting of 308 Form Four candidates, 58...

Classroom environment and cultures as well as the ways in which both students and learning are organized and managed increase teachers’ effectiveness in climate change. The effective teacher manages the large number of relatively diverse students who occupy these classrooms within the environment. The importance of physical environment, climate culture, organization and management of classroom within the larger context of teachers effectiveness is mostly clearly seen by noting that beginning...

Abstract . This small scale study aims at exploring how far school leaders consider themselves progress makers. This is felt important as there is now much emphasis on schools to be more successful in terms of both academic and socio-economic outcomes. The challenge lies in knowing how to make it happen. A qualitative research was conducted.  Furthermore, this article expands current knowledge on school leadership by reporting data gathered from a group of school leaders (n=6) who were...

This paper adds to discussion of transactional sex relationships in Africa by examining the distinction between transactional sex and sexual harassment in the context of professor-student relationships and their inherent power dynamics. By exploring the ways in which female university students in urban Benin toe the line between empowered agent and victim, I show how the power differential between professor and student obstructs the professor's ability to objectively determine consent, and...

Bacterial) contamination) of) waters) and) their) impacts) on) human) health) in) the) Central) African)Republic)is)a)pollution)problem)that)goes)far)back)in)time.)Today,)water)quality) is) impaired,) including) the) contamination) of) fecal) microorganisms,) excessive) use) of) agrochemicals,) uncontrolled) discharges) from) industries) and) solid) and) liquid) waste) from) households) and) municipal.)Most) of) people) in) Central) Africa) use) water) directly) from) the) wells) and)...

This paper examines the different views about the definition of 'literacy' and how it is applied in the Zambian context.It argues that the absence of a contextual definition of literacy or illiteracy has raised some doubt on the magnitude of the problem and the extent to which success has been achieved through various literacy programmes.It highlights the growth of literacy education in Zambia, achievements and problems.The paper observes that whereas many efforts have been made to improve...

Background Accurate local prevalence of microbial diseases and microbial resistance data are vital for optimal treatment of patients. However, there are few reports of these data from developing countries, especially from sub-Saharan Africa. The status of Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi as an internationally accredited hospital and a laboratory with an electronic medical record system has made it possible to analyze local prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility data and compare it...

This article reports on an empirical study which investigated access for people in wheelchairs and/or with visual impairments to Tanzanian academic libraries. A pragmatism paradigm and Oliver’s (1990) social model of disability were employed as well as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Using quantitative and qualitative methods, questionnaires, interview schedules and an observation checklist were used to collect data. The study sample from the...

The purpose of this study was to interrogate the social studies teachers’ conceptualizations and practices on democracy in upper classes in primary schools in Botswana. The study was undertaken in upper classes in six primary schools in Botswana for a period of three months. The theoretical underpinnings of my study are based on what Asante (2010) refers to as Afrocentricity, which basically focuses on relocating the African people historically, socially, economically, politically and...

Background: The South African–Cuban Medical Collaboration programme aims to alleviate the critical shortage of practitioners in local South African rural settings. The students who return from Cuban-based facilities in their fourth year experience difficulty, especially in clinical settings, upon joining the MB ChB final-year student programme at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. Attempts to support their skills acquisition for local practice have led to an investigation of their prior...

Information and communications technologies (ICTs) and the Internet have to a large extent influenced the way information is made available, published and accessed. More information is being produced too frequently and information users now require certain skills to sift through this multitude in order to identify what is appropriate for their purposes. Computer and information skills have become a necessity for all academic programmes. As libraries subscribe to databases and other...