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The acquisition of requisite reading skills plays a crucial role in scaffolding learning and more so when children start their education. These reading skills form an important pivot around which most learning revolves. Nevertheless, studies globally indicate that majority of school-age pupils are not being taught the relevant reading skills at an appropriate age and grade hence most of them attain the age of eleven years before acquiring these skills. The integral role played by the teacher...

Abstract BackgroundThe Northwestern Escarpment of Ethiopian Rift Valley has been frequently affected by drought for decades in the major livelihood zones. This brought an adverse effect on the social and economic sectors because it affects significantly the smallholder farmers of the area. However, Most of these reviewed studies have limitations to show the evolutions, spatiotemporal drought frequencies, durations and severities in livelihood zone levels. Hence, the aim of this study was to...

: This study investigated how Yemeni EFL students perceive computer-assisted language learning, the extent to which CALL is implemented in their learning of English in and outside their faculties and the difficulties they encounter when implementing CALL. Data were collected through a questionnaire that targeted 74 Yemeni EFL students and then analyzed by using SPSS 21st version. Results revealed that the students who participated in this study perceive CALL positively (overall mean = 4.1144...

Background Pre-school aged children (PSAC) are highly affected by soil-transmitted helminths (STH), particularly in areas where water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are inadequate. Context-specific evidence on determinants of STH infections in PSAC has not been well established in the study area. This study, therefore, aimed to fill these gaps in Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based unmatched case-control study, nested in a cross-sectional survey, was conducted in...

The Namibian independence in 1990 imparted a massive challenge to reform education and to refresh the system. Each child had to receive a fair chance to succeed in secondary education, fostering the country's human-capital formation to improve economic performance. In this study uses data from 1996 to 2018 period to analyse the Secondary Education system in order to determine the systems’ progress by hypothesizing that educational output is attributed to spatial location, resource allocation...

<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold>The University of Rwanda is the only African residency to have implemented the pediatric International In-Training Examination (I-ITE) as a tool to monitor resident knowledge acquisition. The objective of this study was to better understand the acceptance and relevance of this exam to residents from this setting and their perceptions regarding this assessment tool.</ns4:p><ns4:p><ns4:bold>Methods:</ns4:bold>This is a<ns4:bold />mixed-methods study...

He who wishes to be a surgeon should go to war" Hippocrates Iraq and Syria lie in the easternmost part of the Arab world.In addition to their geographical, cultural, and economic connections, the two countries shared the adversity of a multi-faceted, long-lasting, and ongoing war that had its toll on all facets of life, and brought neurosurgery, among most other surgical specialties, to its knees.e overarching aim of this paper is to showcase the existing physical and educational...

Using the social realism theory of Margret Archer as an analytical tool, this article presents the findings of a research study which was conducted to explore mechanisms for assuring the quality of open and distance learning (ODL) that are implemented in higher education (HE) in Namibia. The study employed a case study research design, taking a pragmatic paradigm whereby three programmes offered through ODL modes of delivery were selected from each of the participating institutions and...

Abstract Anatomically modern humans evolved around 300 thousand years ago in Africa 1 . Modern humans started to appear in the fossil record outside of Africa about 100 thousand years ago though other hominins existed throughout Eurasia much earlier 2–4 . Recently, several researchers argued in favour of a single out of Africa event for modern humans based on whole-genome sequences analyses 5–7 . However, the single out of Africa model is in contrast with some of the findings from fossil...

As climate change adaptation is becoming a recognized policy issue, the need is growing for quantitative economic evaluation of adaptation-related public investment, particularly in the context of climate finance. Funds are meant to be allocated not to any types of beneficial investments with or without climate change but to projects regarded as effective for climate change adaptation based on some metrics. But attempts at such project-specific evaluation of adaptation effects are few, in...

This paper focuses on the importance of policies, procedures and employee training and awareness as aid to manage risks associated with the usage of mobile devices in local government entities in the Namakwa District of the Northern Cape region. A quantitative research method was applied in the study by obtaining responses from a sample of participants in the Namakwa District of the Northern Cape region, using closed-ended questions in the questionnaire, which provided the participants with...

Developing countries, Kenya included are mostly affected by food shortage and poverty as a result of high dependence on agriculture constrained by climate variability, declining land sizes, and low agricultural technologies. Agricultural intensification is key in solving these problems to ensure increased farm output per unit land area. This study analyzed the role of agricultural intensification on smallholders’ poverty and food security status. The study is based on data collected from a...

In South African high schools, many learners have limited support in making career related decisions to prepare them for the world of work after school. An important early transition for career-related decision-making is at the end of Grade 9 when learners are expected to decide which subjects they will select for the last phase of high school. Grade 9 is also the juncture where adolescents may decide to exit their formal schooling and enter the labor market. To support Grade 9 learners in...

This paper conceptualizes the role that Social Media platforms are playing in the dissemination of information during the COVID 19 pandemic era. It captures the positive and negative impact of COVID 19 outbreak; how information is disseminated during COVID 19 pandemic; the place, categories, and importance of Social Media in the dissemination of information during COVID 19 pandemic.

The study provides thresholds of income inequality that if exceeded will nullify the positive effect of governance dynamics on gender-inclusive education in 42 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period 2004–2014. The Generalised Method of Moments is used as an estimation strategy. The following findings are established. First, the unconditional effects of governance dynamics on inclusive education are consistently positive whereas the corresponding conditional effects from the...

The recent outbreak of the COVID-19 has led to the need for alternate sources of learning for students in tertiary institutions. The use of online learning has been adopted by some students. There has not been any evaluation of students' attitude to online learning during this period. Thus, this study seeks to determine the attitude of higher education students in Nigeria to online learning. Data was collected using an online survey tool. The results show that Nigerian students are engaged...