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We assessed the epidemiology of disabilities in leprosy cases treated in a rural hospital over a 10-year period. This is a retrospective data collection using leprosy registers and treatment cards in a rural private mission hospital. Over the 10-year period, 210 patients with leprosy were registered for treatment. One hundred and twenty-eight (61.5%) had disabilities (26.0% grade 1 and 35.6% grade 2): 13.5% ocular disabilities, 44.5% disabilities in hands and 44.7% foot impairment. Patients...
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Highly convex estimates of average returns to education commonly found in South Africa are usually rationalised as being the result of a surplus of unskilled workers and a shortage of skilled workers in the economy (Keswell & Poswell, 2004). However, due to the absence of appropriate micro level data in the past, unbiased estimation of these returns has been difficult. This paper investigates potential sources of estimation bias using the NIDS 2008 survey, one of the first to contain...
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In the climate change context, ICRISAT is promoting water-saving cropping systems mixing food and horticultural crops for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Western Africa. ICRISAT's partners in Niger (CIRAD, the University of Niamey and INRAN) are seeking ways to minimize the impact of crop pests in these systems, using the agroecological approach. Following encouraging earlier results, agroecological management options were further investigated in 2010 for the major pests of okra, jujube tree and...
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There has been extensive research into cocoa quality issues and technology in Papua New Guinea (PNG) using technology driven approaches, however, there are still concerns about the lack of improvement of PNG’s export cocoa quality, especially with the majority of producers being smallholder farmers. This thesis explores the process of learning that occurs through using an alternative approach to Transfer of Technology (ToT), namely, a participative approach. This study occurs within the...
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Purpose: Renal impairment in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients could potentially be caused by many factors. HIV-related renal impairment risks have been little studied in African Americans and Hispanics. We investigated the impact of HIV itself, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), comorbidities, and non-HIV-related drug treatment on glomerular filtration rate in a predominantly African American/Hispanic HIV-infected population who had received HAART for at least...
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There is an urgent need to reform the educational system to achieve universal primary education in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Even after 35 years of independence, PNG has been struggling to educate an estimated 2 million elementary- and primary-aged children and faces numerous challenges in providing Education for All (EFA). This study was conducted in four primary schools of Buma Yong area of Lae district of Morobe Province, PNG. The study revealed that the quality of education has been...
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Education has long been considered as a corner stone in economic development. The twenty-first century has brought new challenges and opportunities for higher education. In the wake of the transition from elitist to mass education, universities worldwide are under pressure to enhance access and equity, on the one hand, and to maintain high standards of quality and excellence, on the other. Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a developing but an emerging economy in the South Pacific...
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There is little evidence from the developing world of the effect of scale-up on model adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) programmes. In this article, we document the effect of scaling up a school-based intervention (MEMA kwa Vijana) from 62 to 649 schools on the coverage and quality of implementation.Observations of 1,111 students' exercise books, 11 ASRH sessions, and 19 peer-assistant role plays were supplemented with interviews with 47 ASRH-trained teachers, to assess the...
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This paper examines the factors behind the weak performance of a big number of Algerian English learners at university despite their high motivation to learn that language in reference to the educational reforms implemented at all educational levels since 2000 to the present day and the learners complex linguistic background. The study aims basically at tracing the link between the students linguistic and educational background that had undergone successive changes in the span of 10 years...
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E-learning is fast becoming an essential method of delivering education.Recently, many traditional education systems have shifted towards new methods of teaching and learning thanks to the proliferation of information and communication technologies (ICTs); this shift includes elearning initiatives undertaken in developing countries.This paper describes a pilot initiative introduced at the Department of Data Analysis of the Faculty of Accounting of the Aljabal Algharbi University in Gharian,...
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This series of IFPRI Research Briefs is based on research supported by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany, under the project Food and Water Security under Global Change: Developing Adaptive Capacity with a Focus on Rural which forms part of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. Through collaboration with the Center for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa, the Ethiopian Development Research Institute, the Ethiopian Economics Association,...
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According to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, warming in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is expected to be greater than the global average, and rainfall will decline in certain areas. Global circulation models (GCMs), which provide an understanding of climate and project climate change, tend to agree that temperatures are increasing across the region, but models vary widely regarding predicted changes in precipitation—with the exception of some...