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Recent studies have revealed that trichloroethylene (TCE) can induce occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis (OMLD) with multi-system injuries, including liver, kidney and skin injuries, which can subsequently cause multiple organ failure later. But the mechanism of immune dysfunction leading to organ injury was rarely clarified. The present study was initiated to analyze the influence of trichloroethylene on renal injury and study the relevant mechanism in guinea pigs. Guinea pig...
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CURRENT CONDITIONS Botswana has a semi-arid climate, characterized by warm winters, hot summers, low rainfall, and high evapotranspiration. The country is prone to frequent droughts, lately occurring every two years rather than once every four years, as in the previous decade. Only 5 percent of Botswana’s area is suitable for cultivation and less than 1 percent is cultivated. The major staple crops, sorghum and maize, are mostly grown in the eastern region. While the contribution of...
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This study examined the adaptation strategies of tree crop farmers to climate variation in Oyo State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to sample 160 respondents for the study. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, means, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Result of analysis showed that majority of the tree crops farmers were in their active ages of between 15 and 55 years old (78.1%),...
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This study investigated Transformation of continuous assessment scores in English Language and Mathematics in Secondary Schools in Nigeria. The study employed survey and cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 2,520 JSS III students selected from 36 secondary schools in 18 Local Government Areas based on multistage sampling technique. Data were collected directly from the Ministries of Education, continuous assessment Units. The data collected were subjected to inferential analysis...
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This study investigated correlates of examination malpractice and academic performance inPrimary Science among primary six pupils in Cross River State, Nigeria. Two hypotheseswere tested and two instruments were used for data collection. They were correlates ofexamination malpractice questionnaire (CEMQ) and a 50-item primary science achievementtest. These instruments were administered to 1818 pupils out of 68,201 pupils in 70 schools.A proportionate stratified random sampling was adopted...
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Schistosomiasis remains one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in the world. Approximately 80% of the estimated 200 million people infected annually world-wide live in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia where Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium are widespread. Recently, Praziquantel has been reported to show low cure rates in different parts of the word. Since it is the only drug for treatment of schistosomiasis in Ethiopia, there is a need to periodically evaluate its...
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In additon to drought and Striga hermonthica parasitism, nitrogen deficiency is a major constraint to maize pro¬duction in the Guinea savannahs of Nigeria. The use of mineral fertilizers is limited because of unavailability and high costs. The use of maize cultivars that perform well under sub-optimal N conditons is therefore desirable. Breeders at IITA have selected maize cultivars that combine tolerance to drought and Striga hermonthica parasit¬ism. This study evaluated six of these...
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Statistics released by the Education Management Information Systems (EMIS), (2002 to 2009) reveal that 60% of learners entering Grade 9 leave school without attaining Grade 12 certificates. These learners do not qualify for employment because employers prefer well-trained experienced employees. A limited number (12 500 annually) of learnership and apprenticeship opportunities are also out of reach because they have to compete with better-qualified candidates. High unemployment rates (25.3%)...
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This paper examines school enrollment of youth in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), to identify the roles of family economic well-being, gender, and place of residence in the school enrollment of children. The DRC experienced extremely adverse economic and political conditions during the 1990s. We use data from a 1999 survey that covered four provinces in the western portion of the country. Following an overview of the country’s economic situation, the paper examines descriptive...
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Health education is a necessary part of prenatal health and plays an important part in reducing prenatal health problems among vulnerable populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of malaria health education given to pregnant women by nurses at one selected health centre in Rwanda.This study used a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, descriptive design. Nonprobability convenience sampling was used to select the sample, comprising all pregnant women...
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Young people, especially university students, are at high risk of HIV infections because of little or no parental or administrative prohibitions in campus environments. The aim of this study was to ascertain the level of condom use among university students in Zimbabwe; that is, condom use at last sex and consistent condom use among both regular and casual partners. The study draws on self-completed questionnaires administered to university students. The results reveal that, while 78.3% of...
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This study was designed to assess the iodine and the anthropometric status of primary school children in a rural Nigerian community (Obukpa).Stratified random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents for the study.The sample size was 330 children aged 6 to 12 + years.The anthropometric measurements of the children comprising 170 boys and 160 girls were obtained using standard procedures.The urine of a sub-sample of 36 children were subjected to laboratory analysis for iodine...
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Effects of crude oil pollution on crop production were determined using stochastic translog production function. Data were collected from 17 local government areas (LGAs) out of 23 LGAs using multistage sampling technique. A total of 296 questionnaires were suitable for analysis. The results showed that the effect of crude oil pollution variables on crop farms reduced the size of farmland (-2.5842), significant at 1%, thereby reducing marginal physical product (MPP) with respect to land by...