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(1) Background: Despite a global call to act to resolve communicable diseases caused by lack of clean water, sanitation, and hygiene, many people in low- and middle-income countries continue to die each year. In this study, we looked at in-school adolescents’ oral and hand hygiene activities in Ghana, as well as the factors that influence them. (2) Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that utilised data on 1348 in-school adolescents from the 2012 global school-based health survey. Using...

Purpose Dietary patterns are important for the physical and psychological development of adolescents. The purpose of this study is to determine magnitude and severity of depression and its relation with diet diversity score (DDS) among adolescent high school students. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was conducted among 546 adolescents selected from schools using multistage sampling technique. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 24-h dietary recall, and depression...

Abstract This study was aimed at assessing monsoonal rainfall real onset dates (RODs), real cessation dates (RCDs) and extent of association between cumulative rainfall (CR) and length of growing season (LGS) in the context of climate adaptation planning for sustainable rain-fed agriculture in the Sudano-Sahelian area of Northwestern Nigeria. Daily rainfall data of four stations purposively selected namely: Gusau, Kano, Katsina and Sokoto for the period 1981–2018 were collected from Nigerian...

Abstract Background The testing capacity for SARS-CoV-2 in Africa is rather limited. Antigen-detection rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) are a cheap and rapid alternative to reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests, but there is little data about their performance under real life conditions in tropical countries. Objective To evaluate the performance of a standard Ag-RDT in a population of a major hospital in northern Ghana. Methods Prospective, cross-sectional, blinded...

Institutional accreditation is often implemented as a tool for service enhancement or as a vehicle for educational change in broadly different settings. There is little evidence of the effect of accreditation, although there are indications in developed countries that facilities complying with initial low standards substantially increase their compliance levels as a result of engaging in accreditation programs funded by quality improvement interventions. This review intends to highlight on...

In Nigeria, observation shows that a good number of Nigerians are ignorant of the benefits of art history to students. Similar situation applies to most art history students that are confused about the appropriate area of public or private sector to seek for employment after graduation, a reason for which Nigerian art schools often experience a few number of students enrolment into the art history option. Axiomatically, understanding the chances one has of being successful by studying art...

This work aims to assess water quality for irrigated agriculture, alongside perceptions and adaptations of farmers to climate change in the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER). Climate change is expected to cause a rise in temperature and variability in rainfall in the region, reducing surface water availability and raising dependence on groundwater. The study data come from surveys with 147 farmers living in the Ziway–Shala basin and water quality assessments of 162 samples from groundwater wells and...

Mass drug administration is the cornerstone for the control of infection with intestinal parasites, but it does not prevent reinfection and is unlikely to interrupt transmission as a stand-alone intervention. The study, therefore, aimed to determine the role of health education in the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) among primary school children in Douala, Cameroon. The study was intervention case-control, and prospective longitudinal, conducted in two primary schools in...

Research on the effects of mass schooling on social cleavages in Africa ignores descent‐based hierarchies despite their affecting 218 million people on the continent. In contrast, I show how pursuit of social mobility and honor to overcome descent‐based discrimination underpinned Haalpulaar parents’ and youths’ engagement with secondary school in Senegal. This included youth developing a counter‐culture oppositional to school values through appropriation of popular culture, a rarely documented outcome of EFA in the Global South.

Slum environment may pose risk to child health and nutrition. This study assessed the risks of anemia among under five-year-old children, five years after implementing a nutrition education and counseling intervention in two urban slums in Nairobi, Kenya. A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2018 as a follow-up of a randomized controlled study carried out between 2012-2015. A trained nurse measured hemoglobin levels of 438 children from households which participated in the initial...

This study aimed at strategies for making use of safe school initiatives (SSI) for the security of Nigerian education. The paper therefore examined the concepts and types of safe school initiatives, the methods of initiative involvement, the menace of the insecurity in Nigerian educational institutions and the strategies for making use of the S afe S chool I nitiatives  to provide lasting solution to the persistent security challenges in the different Nigerian institutions. Suggestions and...

The Dallol geothermal area originated as a result of seismic activity and the presence of a shallow underground volcano, both due to the divergence of two tectonic plates. In its ascent, hot water dissolves and drags away the subsurface salts. The temperature of the water that comes out of the chimneys is higher than 100 °C, with a pH close to zero and high mineral concentration. These factors make Dallol a polyextreme environment. So far, nanohaloarchaeas, present in the salts that form the...

ABSTRACT This paper interrogates the challenges and opportunities related to re-engaging retired teachers in mainstream curriculum practice in South Africa. Some rural schools report poor performance, whereas retired teachers in their locality could help to mitigate this challenge. The paper used bricolage as a theoretical lens, because of its emphasis on using available resources to address ambivalence. The qualitative paper responds to two questions: What are the challenges facing...

This study examined the effect of test accessibility on Biology students’ test scores in secondary schools in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. To achieve this purpose, three research questions and three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Quasi-experimental research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted of 6,684 senior secondary two students in Akwa Ibom State. A sample size of 643 students was used for the study and they were selected using simple...

A seven-year stay in Egypt as head of the Product design Department at GUC provided the opportunity to thoroughly examine the difficulties and opportunities for design students and recent graduates to interact with the relevant market in Egypt. From the difficulty of dealing with stakeholders within a multilayered society of craftspeople, small businesses, and consumers to being able to start their own business, the country offers a lot to a developing discipline that is design itself.

In the literature examining climate change as a potential factor in violent conflict, violence is generally conceived as a readily-apparent, time-bound event. Conversely, the ontologies of slow violence emphasizes the insidious ways in which environmental change can, itself, impart violence. In this chapter, I examine how the impacts of climate change acts as a form of slow violence in Karamoja, Uganda. Karamoja is simultaneously recovering from years of violent conflict while experiencing...

Purpose: This research was developed for the purpose of finding out the impact of total quality management (continuous improvement and training) on the public and private healthcare institutions' effectiveness in Yemen. Design/ Method/ Approach: The descriptive-analytical approach was used in this study; it is one of the most used methods in the study of social and human phenomena, and because it fits the phenomenon under study. It also examines an existing phenomenon or issue from which...