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In light of global concerns about insufficient numbers of doctors, midwives, and nurses, the World Health Organization (WHO) has identified the scale-up of the production of medical professionals who are competent and responsive to community needs as urgent and necessary. Coincident with this imperative, South African medical schools have also had to consider redressing apartheid-era inequities in access to medical education and changing the racial and gender profile of medical graduates to...

Parent involvement in Kenya has mainly been limited to making financial contributions and serving on mandated school-parent bodies. Given the dire need to improve the quality of education, it is important to understand the role of parents in the provision of education. A qualitative research design explored the implementation of this model in primary schools in the Embu West District in Kenya. The findings revealed that limited parent involvement was a result of free primary education (FPE);...

Abstract Background Vitiligo is an acquired, predominantly asymptomatic, depigmenting disorder with profound psychological effects. Methods This was a cross‐sectional study conducted at the Regional Dermatology Training Center in Moshi, Tanzania. All 88 patients with vitiligo older than 15 years of age who attended the skin clinic from October 2009 to April 2010 were recruited. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire (DLQI), and...

LIS Schools in South Africa, like in many other parts of the world, are part of a triangular relationship involving LIS teaching departments, universities and the library and information services profession. This relationship is profoundly affected by a rapidly evolving information and technology environment as well as higher education restructuring globally. In a context of ‘diffusion and diversity’ arising from this relationship, this paper takes a look at LIS Schools in South Africa to...

Equivocality on the influence of music on task performance led to the present study investigating the effects of music genre and music language on task performance. Using 60 students who were randomly assigned to a 2 X 3 ANOVA design under two conditions of music genre (Pop, Gospel) and three music language conditions (English, French, Setswana), the students were asked to perform a cognitive/perceptual task. It was revealed that performance was generally poor among the students but worse of...

During the last decade, the interest of the international community in the concepts of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation has been growing immensely. Even though an increasing number of scholars seem to view these concepts as two sides of the same coin (at least when not considering the potentially positive effects of climate change), in practice the two concepts have developed in parallel rather than in an integrated manner when it comes to policy, rhetoric and funding...

First and foremost, I would like to thank God, without His strength and guidance none of this would have been possible. Also, I want to thank my family for their support and encouragement throughout this process. For the last three years they have been by my side every step of the way. My Mother deserves special thanks for the endless hours she has spent editing my papers over the years, usually with an eight hour time difference and a deadline looming. Without my parents I would not have...

Background: Although there exist laws, policies and standards in Tanzania that serve to protect and improve the lives of children with disabilities, the individual human experiences and feelings of the carers and parents still remain the realities of caring for children with disabilities. There is a lack of qualitative studies examining experiences in a developing context. This research aimed to fill that gap.Objectives: The objective of this research was to gain an insight into how having a...

To describe and compare the health status, emotional wellbeing, and functional status of older people in Uganda and South Africa who are HIV infected or affected by HIV in their families.Data came from the general population cohort and Entebbe cohort of the Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, and from the Africa Centre Demographic Information System through cross-sectional surveys in 2009/10 using instruments adapted from the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on...

The levels of gaseous pollutants; carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and particulate matter (PM) were determined using Electrochemical Sensors and Infra-red based particulometer. The areas under study were some busy roads in Jos, Nigeria including; Ahmadu Bello way, Bauchi road, Tomato market, and some junctions/ terminals; University of Jos gate, Farin Gada and Gada biu. The aim was to assess the extent of vehicular emission in the immediate environment. The result showed that...

In the recent time, the issue of climatic change and its resultant effect on mankind has become a global phenomenon. This study found it quite imperative to examine the trend at which the changes take place and the implication of the changes on cocoa output. Data on climatic elements such as rainfall, temperature, humidity as well as cocoa output were collected. The data were analysed with descriptive statistics, regression analysis and correlation analysis. The heaviest rainfall was...

A cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a national Kenyan mental health primary care training programme demonstrated a significant impact on the health, disability and quality of life of clients, despite a severe shortage of medicines in the clinics (Jenkins et al. Submitted 2012). As focus group methodology has been found to be a useful method of obtaining a detailed understanding of client and health worker perspectives within health systems (Sharfritz and Roberts. Health Transit...

A School Management Committee (SMC) is an administrative tool adopted in many developing countries to decentralise administrative and financial responsibilities at school level, while involving local people in decision-making and making education more responsive to demands. I question the assumption linking administrative decentralisation and popular participation. There is a long-lasting tradition in Africa of schools built and run through local initiatives, even in the absence of...

The focus of this paper is to discuss the use of instructional media in teaching and learningfrom a Nigerian perspective. The problem with the use of instructional media has existedsince the 1970s after the oil boom era. As soon as corruption and mismanagement of the oilresources became more serious, all other sectors including education were no longerproperly funded or given the needed attention for national development. As a result, mostlecturers and teachers in many Nigerian tertiary...

Almost 65% of the Tanzanian population is under the age of 24 and almost 20 % of the population is aged 15-24 years. Yet, this important group faces many significant health challenges, such as early sexual debut, early pregnancies, risky behaviours and sexually transmitted infections. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices on family planning services among adolescents in secondary schools in Hai District in northern Tanzania. A cross sectional study was...

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has contributed the least of any world region to the global accumulation of greenhouse gas emissions; however, this region will probably be more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change than any other [1]. Less than 7% of the world's total emissions of greenhouse gases emanate from the African continent [2]; thus the continent contributes very little overall to climate change. Yet the highest regional burden of climate change is likely to be borne by SSA, with 34%...