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Background: Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The association between HIV and CVD has been established in many studies. However, information is still lacking on subclinical disease as well as its associated risk factors in this population. This study aimed at establishing the prevalence of subclinical CVD among clinically healthy HIV people attending their regular out- patient visits. It also looked at risk factors (traditional and non...

Research from sub-Saharan Africa has shown that persons with same-sex sexuality experience are at elevated risk for ill health due to sexual risk taking, stigma, and discrimination. However, studies of healthcare seeking among young people in this region with same-sex sexuality experience are limited.To identify determinants of unmet healthcare and sexual health counselling needs, respectively, among Ugandan university students with experience of same-sex sexuality.In 2010, 1,954 Ugandan...

Household air pollution (HAP) contributes to 3.5–4 million annual deaths globally. Recent interventions using improved cookstoves (ICS) to reduce HAP have incorporated temperature sensors as stove use monitors (SUMs) to assess stove use. We deployed SUMs in an effectiveness study of 6 ICSs in 45 Kenyan rural homes. Stove were installed sequentially for 2 weeks and kitchen air monitoring was conducted for 48 h during each 2-week period. We placed SUMs on the ICSs and traditional cookstoves...

Background: Breast cancer comprises a group of very diverse diseases, which can be demonstrated at the molecular, histopathological and clinical levels. Gene expression studies using RNA microarray studies have categorised breast carcinomas into several classes. Of these basal-like tumour class has showed poor prognosis and their insensitivity to hormonal therapy makes therapeutic management difficult . Immunohistochemistry using certain Cytokeratins such as CK 5/6 has made it easier to...

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common blood cancer after lymphomas, thereby accounting for 10% of all haematological malignancies.Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and radiological features of Multiple Myeloma at presentation in patients presenting at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Lusaka, Zambia.Design: Descriptive studyMethods and Results: Record files of patients diagnosed with MM from 2008-2015 April were reviewed. Data was analysed using SPSS Version...

The paper is a report of a study carried out to examine how information and communication technology (ICT) enhance teaching learning related activities in primary schools in Ogoja education zone of Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve the purpose of the study, one research question was formulated to direct the study. Ex - post facto research design was adopted for the study. A sample of six hundred and twenty teachers were randomly selected for the study. The instruments for data...

Background: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world. An efficient and effective cataract surgical service is necessary to reduce the backlog of cataract blindness in the community. This study aims to determine the cataract surgical coverage among individuals aged 50 years and above residing in Esie and Arandun communities. This will serve as a measure of the impact of the cataract intervention programme provided by the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.Methods:...

The study aimed at investigating the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and its associated factors among male and female university students in 22 countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia. In a cross-sectional questionnaire survey, data were collected from 16979 undergraduate university students, 49.3% male and 50.7% female, with an overall mean age of 21.8 years (SD=3.4). Of 7032 (41.9%) students who had been sexually active in the past 12 months, 16.3 % reported ever having...

Abstract. Lava flow simulations help to better understand volcanic hazards and may assist emergency preparedness at active volcanoes. We show that at Fogo Volcano, Cape Verde, such simulations can explain the 2014–2015 lava flow crisis and therefore provide a valuable base to better prepare for the inevitable next eruption. In a rapid disaster response effort, we conducted topographic mapping in the field and a satellite based remote sensing analysis. We produced the first topographic model...

Introduction: Primary malignant bone tumours include malignancies arising primarily from bone tissue. This is opposed to secondary bone tumours in which case the neoplastic elements arise primarily from other sites within the body and secondarily spread to bone. Primary malignant bone tumours are generally considered rare. Wherever primary malignant bone tumours occur they tend to pose serious challenges in terms of diagnosis, management and morbidity and mortality. However there is a lack...

Abstract This study measures the economic impact of the first phase of the Cocoa Livelihood Program (CLP‐I), a current World Cocoa Foundation (WCF) project, sponsored by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and aimed at improving the livelihood of over 200,000 small cocoa producers in sub‐Saharan Africa via training, crop diversification, and farmer‐based organizations. Using data collected from 2,048 pre‐ and post‐CLP‐I interviews of cocoa producers in Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, Nigeria, and...

The study investigated ways of managing tertiary institutions for the promotion of lifelong learning in Cross River State, Nigeria.One research question was raised and one hypothesis formulated to guide the study.Multistage sampling procedure was adopted for the study.Stratified random sampling technique and simple random sampling techniques were used to draw 400 undergraduate students from a total population of 17,880 undergraduate students in the four tertiary institutions in Cross River...

I read this lucidly written and empirically rich book with much interest as someone who both researches higher education and grapples with many of the supervision challenges discussed. The experienced authors of Doctoral Education in South Africa have provided a valuable overview of the central issues and topics relevant to doctoral education internationally and then applied more specifically to the African and South African contexts. The central thesis of the book is carefully mapped out in...

Aims: To determine where residence students from a South African tertiary institution get methylphenidate for both appropriate and non-medical use, where they think they could get it and how easy they think it is to acquire. Design: A quantitative cross-sectional study that made use of a structured questionnaire. Setting: A South African tertiary institution. Participants: Residence students from ten randomly selected residences (N=328; response rate=13.7%). Measurements:...

In this article I examine the experiences of recently immigrated Somali refugee families in their interaction with U.S. urban public schools where their children attend school. The experience of Somali refugees in the U.S. complicates the notion of family diversity, which goes beyond race, ethnicity, class and gender to include differences in family structures and processes as well. With increasing diversity in public schools, there is a need for the teaching community to develop...

Background. Human breastmilk provides gold standard nutrition and immunological support to infants. For low birth weight, HIV-infected, HIV-exposed or otherwise vulnerable babies, it can mean the difference between life and death. When a mother’s own milk is not available, safe, donated human breastmilk is an excellent alternative. High rates of under-5 mortality have prompted the South African (SA) Ministry of Health to commit to scaling up human milk banks in key health facilities....