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The Nigerian law permits those affected by oil spill from the facilities of the multinational oil corporations, including Shell to seek compensation in a court of law. Furthermore, section 36 of the Nigerian Constitution requires the determination of civil and criminal cases within a reasonable time. However, oil pollution compensation cases against Shell which is one of the multinational oil corporations operating in Nigeria are always determined after a decade and in some cases after over...

This paper views the present trend of structure-focused English language teaching in Nigerian secondary schools as one that is deficient, and therefore not bringing out the desired objectives for teaching and learning a second language. It advocates the adoption of a discourseoriented approach to teaching and learning. This does not call for the total jettisoning of the old ways of teaching but proposes an alignment and incorporation of language use in context with the attendant focus on the...

Housing is a residential structure where people live in. Students’ housing otherwise known as hostel is an essential component of tertiary institutions which complements living and learning thereby contributing to the growth and development of academic pursuit. Students’ living options during academic sessions include on-campus hostels, off-campus apartments, privatized housing (rental), or commuting from home and the choice of accommodation made can have its influence on the students’...

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the largest cardiac cause of morbidity and mortality in the world's youth. Early detection of RHD through echocardiographic screening in asymptomatic children may identify an early stage of disease, when secondary prophylaxis has the greatest chance of stopping disease progression. Latent RHD signifies echocardiographic evidence of RHD with no known history of acute rheumatic fever and no clinical symptoms.Determine the prevalence of latent RHD among children...

The purpose of this synthesis report is twofold. First, it examines how education is included in peacebuilding and development frameworks in four distinct conflict-affected environments (Myanmar, Pakistan, South Africa and Uganda). Second, it compares, summarises and critically reflects how education policies and governance contribute to the peacebuilding process. In doing so, we pay close attention to aspects of redistribution, representation, recognition and reconciliation (see: Novelli et...

Currently, two broad types of approach for predicting the impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases can be distinguished: i) empirical-statistical (correlative) approaches that use statistical models of relationships between vector and/or pathogen presence and environmental factors; and ii) process-based (mechanistic) approaches that seek to simulate detailed biological or epidemiological processes that explicitly describe system behavior. Both have advantages and disadvantages, but...

Using mathematical modelling tools, we assessed the potential for land use change (LUC) associated with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change low- and high-end emission scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5) to impact malaria transmission in Africa. To drive a spatially explicit, dynamical malaria model, data from the four available earth system models (ESMs) that contributed to the LUC experiment of the Fifth Climate Model Intercomparison Project are used. Despite the limited size of the ESM...

Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem and second only to malaria as the most devastating disease in tropical countries in Africa, East Asia and South America.'Almajiri' children are known to be exposed to conditions that place them at high risk of infectious diseases including schistosomiasis.A cross-sectional study was conducted among 272 randomly selected children studying at the 'Almajiri' Integrated Model School, Sokoto, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence, epidemiological...

Objectif : La présente étude a pour objectif de caractériser les paramètres physico-chimiques des eaux du delta de l'Ouémé au Bénin et de faire une évaluation du niveau de pollution organique à partir des paramètres déterminés.Méthodologie et résultats : Treize paramètres physico-chimiques ont été mesurés dans huit stations entre avril 2014 et mars 2015. Les données ont fait l'objet d'une analyse statistique descriptive univarirée, et d'une Analyse Canonique Discriminante (ACD) pour mettre...

This study reviewed and analyzed the extroversion-introversion characteristics of teachers and students as well as the implications of interface issues on architectural design studio outcomes.The study engaged a structured questionnaire to collect information from a sample of 546 respondents (both students and staff-teachers/mentors).The study found a difference in design approach of students who preferred acting first before thinking and reflection across selected schools of architecture.It...

This paper examines peer group and parental support as correlates of the academic performance of Senior Secondary School Students in South West Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto design and descriptive research design of survey type. The population comprises all Senior Secondary School Students in South West Nigeria. The sample of the study consisted of one thousand, one hundred and fifty (1,150) senior secondary school students (i.e. SS 3) drawn from three states out of the six...

Entrepreneurship has become very relevant in the light of the present challenges of unemployment among the youths in Nigeria.It is an antidote to joblessness and youth restiveness.For entrepreneurship to produce the desired result, it must have a culture, which needs to be developed.This survey-designed study investigated the developing of entrepreneurship culture for global relevance among university students in South-South Nigeria.Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated...

The study examined personnel management and job satisfaction in academic libraries: A case study of the Federal College of Education Yola, Adamawa State.The objectives of the study were to: determine the methods used for personnel recruitment, determine the level of staff development, identify the motivational factors of the library personnel, determine the level of job satisfaction and needs of the personnel, and assesses allowances/pay packages of the personnel.Literatures were reviewed...

Almost everyone who works in a university or research organisation has had this experience, and not only when reading institutional circulars or exam papers. But the experience has almost certainly increased exponentially in the face of what has been written about '#Rhodesmustfall', '#feesmustfall' and '#outsourcingmustfall' over the past five or six months - along with the volume of analyses of these events, and of what other people have written about these movements. Yet at least three...

Background: Acute exacerbation is a major cause of morbidity in asthmatic children.It can occur even in well controlled asthma.Aim: To determine the prevalence and pattern of acute exacerbation of asthma in children seen at the emergency room of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu.Materials and methods: This was a descriptive, cross sectional study in which consecutive children with acute exacerbation of asthma presenting to the Children Emergency Room (CHER) of UNTH,...

The Restionaceae species of the Fynbos biome is part of the Cape Floristic Kingdom is threatened by urbanization, agricultural expansion, groundwater extraction, and climate change.Therefore, it is necessary to assess and monitor the Restionaceae species under the impact of climate change.South Africa is a semi-arid environment, and hydrological factors are the main variables in the determination of species niches.This study investigates the microclimate at Jonkershoek, and examines the...

Worldwide, improved sources of drinking water are still lacking for 663 million people. With Malawi as a case study, we aim to address the scarcity of data available to understand the full cost and options of drinking water at a regional level covering both urban and rural areas. We studied options in the northern region of Malawi under the following thematic areas: urban piped water, water wells, handpump spare part supply networks, household point-of-use water treatment, the cost of...

The objective of the Education and Skills for Productive Jobs (ESPJ) Project for Tanzania is to strengthen the institutional capacity of the skills development system and promote the expansion and quality of skills development opportunities in select economic sectors. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: Promote environmental and social sustainability in the program design; avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse impacts, and promote informed decision-making relating to...