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Public procurement system in Kenya has undergone significant developments. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of different strategies adopted by public schools on their procurement processes. The research objectives were to: Establish the status of different procurement strategies used in public secondary schools, identify factors that influence prices, settlement time and customer satisfaction in public procurement in public schools and Determine the impact of procurement...

Africa has one of the highest road-traffic mortality rates in the world. Nurses and clinical officers play a pivotal part in trauma care as a result of substantial shortage of doctors. The COOL (COSECSA-Oxford-Orthopaedic-Link) programme has delivered primary trauma care (PTC) training in nine sub-Saharan African countries across a wide cadre of health-workers (540 doctors, 260 nurses, 119 clinical officers, and 111 medical students). This prospective study investigates the effect of 28...

Injury accounts for 267 000 deaths annually in the nine College of Surgeons of East, Central, and Southern Africa (COSECSA-ASESA) countries, and the introduction of a sustainable standardised trauma training programme across all cadres is essential. We have delivered a primary trauma care (PTC) programme that encompasses both a "provider" and "training the trainers" course using a "cascading training model" across nine COSECSA countries. The first "primary course" in each country is...

Instructional coaching has improved student outcomes in the United States, and may help to solve Kenya's literacy problems. Coaching is costly, however, and evidence is lacking regarding the most cost-efficient teacher-to-coach ratio. We used student literacy outcome data from more than 8000 students participating in the Kenya Primary Math and Reading Initiative—a randomized controlled trial of instructional interventions in public and nonformal schools—to fill this gap. Coaches in larger...

Abstract Since 85% of all major Atlantic hurricanes originate as thunderstorm clusters in equatorial Africa, we have investigated the connection between these African thunderstorms and the consequent development of these disturbances into tropical storms. We have analyzed Meteosat infrared cloud top temperature data to determine the areal coverage of cold cloud tops over a 6 year period from 2005 to 2010. In addition, hurricane statistics from the same period (intensity, date of generation,...

Since 85% of all major Atlantic hurricanes originate as thunderstorm clusters in equatorial Africa, we have investigated the connection between these African thunderstorms and the consequent development of these disturbances into tropical storms. We have analyzed Meteosat infrared cloud top temperature data to determine the areal coverage of cold cloud tops over a 6 year period from 2005 to 2010. In addition, hurricane statistics from the same period (intensity, date of generation, location,...

AbstractThe volume of minority students entering colleges and universities will increase significantly over the next thirty-five years. Many of these students are statistically under-prepared both academically and socially for the higher education environment. To meet the needs of current and future minority students, particularly those from African American and Hispanic cultures, advisors will need to understand the unique challenges for this population and tailor strategic interventions to...

English is spoken in five countries as the native language and in numerous other countries as an official language and the language of instruction. In countries where English is the native language, it is taught to speakers of other languages as an additional language to enable them to participate in all domains of life of that country.┬a In many countries where it is an official language and language of instruction, which includes former British colonies in Africa and Asia, students tend to...

Universities seek alumni associations for ongoing support and, therefore, should attract, maintain and enhance ongoing relationships with theiralumni. This is usually done by the alumni association...

The impact of heavy metals on macrobenthic invertebrates in five stations alongthe River Nile at Great Cairo (from Helwan to El-Qanater El-Khiria) was studiedduring the period from May, 2013 to February, 2014. Physico-chemical characteristicsand heavy metals (iron, manganese, zinc, copper and cadmium) were analyzed inwater. The highest average number (2305 org./m2) of macrobenthic invertebrates wasrecorded during spring, while the lowest (642 org./m2) was recorded during summer.Annelida,...

Vaginitis is the fungal infection of the vulva and or vagina caused mostly by Candida albicans.Itching, abortion, irritation of the vulva and vagina and white discharges from the vagina are the common symptoms.Thirty vaginitis symptomatic pregnant women attending ante-natal clinic of Anambra State University Teaching Hospital Awka, Nigeria were sampled.They were aged between twenty and forty-five years.The Candida species were isolated, characterized and identified by standard biochemical...

The need for performance-based management in Kenya has brought in itself changes in the approach of management of institutions. Strategic planning is very crucial in realization of this important management outlook. The purpose of this study was to establish availability and the level of implementation of strategic plans in schools in Nandi County. The study adopted a mixed-method design. The target population included district education officials, senior teachers, and principals of...

ABSTRACT Tanzanian institutions that educate Tanzanian health professionals have limited teaching/learning resources, including dated donated material. There have been significant changes in the recommended management of indwelling urinary catheters ( IUCs ) over recent decades. This study aimed to investigate the suitability of teaching materials in one Tanzanian institution on indwelling urinary catheter ( IUC ) management, compared with the NICE guidelines (National Clinical Guidance...

There has been no survey of nutrition status among primary school children in Guinea‐Bissau. To fill this gap, a USDA funded pilot project and Cluster Randomized Control Trial to improve nutrition in the population were conducted. We assessed weight‐for‐age, height‐for‐age, BMI‐for‐age Z‐scores (WAZ, HAZ, BAZ) and anemia in 4,807 children. 
 Nutrition status of children in primary school is a concern (23.8% WAZ <‐2, 6.9% WAZ <‐3, 16.0% HAZ <‐2, 3.8% HAZ <‐3, 15.7% BAZ...

In choosing to teach African American literature at my community college, I learned a great deal about a topic for which I thought I was well prepared. As a whole, the semester became a learning experience for the entire class, as we realized that much of the past—its racism and issues of identity—are still lingering with us today and that many of us share a poignant connection to Phillis Wheatley.