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ABSTRACT Liberia's climate, with the absence of South American Leaf Blight (SALB) disease, was the major factor suiting the cultivation of Hevea brasiliensis (Hevea rubber) by Firestone Plantations Company at Harbel. Notably, however, the weather was unusually hot and dry during the latter 1980's, and concerns about fires, tree survival, and economically sustainable yields surfaced. The objective was consequently set to analyze accumulated climatic data, find out if there had been...
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This paper explores the way in which pictures can contribute to health education in rural African hospitals. Pictures are not always effective as a means of communication with illiterates: they make use of a visual language which needs to be taught just as much as a verbal language. In order to create comprehensible and culturally acceptable pictures a certain amount of realism is important. This paper describes the factors that influence this realism and the requirement necessary for visual...
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The map is an interpretation of the Groundwater Resources Map of Botswana (v Hoyer & Struckmeier, 1987) in terms of groundwater sensitivity towards pollution. Infiltrating rainwater is regarded as the sole means of transport of pollutants into the groundwater system. Migration time, decay and adsorbtion of these contaminants are determined by the amount of groundwater recharge, thickness, and properties of soils, sediments, and rocks in the unsaturated zone. The paper descriptionbes the...
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Zimbabwe has sent a number of its citizens to be trained abroad, many of whom are reluctant to return and lose contact with colleagues. It has also seen a steady stream of outside experts coming in, who take months to acclimatize to our culture and to form professional contacts, then leave, taking their store of experience and acquaintance with them. Zimbabwe has shortages of both teachers and up-to-date instructional materials for the tremendous number of students enrolled in its schools....
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INTRODUCTION Harvard University-trained philosopher and Phi Beta Kappa member Alain Leroy Locke (1886-1954) achieved a number of firsts during his productive and illustrative career. The first African American Rhodes Scholar, he was also the first African American president of the American Association for Adult Education (AAAE), the premiere national organization established to address the needs of adult learners. The problem, and certainly the concern of this author and article, is the...
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Long-term intellectual and academic benefits related to early childhood educational intervention were found in a sample of students from low-income families (98% African American). The subjects were randomly assigned to preschool and school-age treatment conditions in a study design that permits a comparison of outcomes in students with preschool treatment followed by early elementary treatment (infancy–8 years), preschool treatment only (infancy–5 years), early elementary school treatment...
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The development of culturally competent counseling skills and knowledge is experienced differently when faculty and students are from culturally and/or racially different backgrounds. This article reviews some of the factors that influence learning and teaching in counselor preparation programs when the faculty member is African American and the students are White Americans.
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Although nonstandard dialects of English are legitimate forms of spoken language used by many Americans, students in U.S. schools must acquire writing competence using Standard English (SE). Participants in this study were 3rd- and 4th-grade African-American students who exhibited Black English Vernacular (BEV) features in their written work. Six syntactic features differing in BEV and SE were targeted. Students received one of three treatments to increase their use of the SE features in...
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In most online intercultural exchange activities involving English learning, students and classes in English-speaking countries serve as partners to English learners in expanding-circle countries. Most studies on such exchanges focus on participants' learning in language and/or culture. This study investigates something different: How do NNS-NNS/ELF (English as a lingua franca) online communication activities affect learners' belief of English, including their ideas of and attitude toward...