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Sub-Saharan West Africa is a vulnerable region where a better quantification and understanding of the impact of climate change on crop yields is urgently needed. Here, we have applied the process-based crop model SARRA-H calibrated and validated over multi-year field trials and surveys at eight contrasting sites in terms of climate and agricultural practices in Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger. The model gives a reasonable correlation with observed yields of sorghum and millet under a...

Sub-Saharan West Africa is a vulnerable region where a better quantification and understanding of the impact of climate change on crop yields is urgently needed. Here, we have applied the process-based crop model SARRA-H calibrated and validated over multi-year field trials and surveys at eight contrasting sites in terms of climate and agricultural practices in Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger. The model gives a reasonable correlation with observed yields of sorghum and millet under a...

Sub-Saharan West Africa is a vulnerable region where a better quantification and understanding of the impact of climate change on crop yields is urgently needed. Here, we have applied the process-based crop model SARRA-H calibrated and validated over multi-year field trials and surveys at eight contrasting sites in terms of climate and agricultural practices in Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger. The model gives a reasonable correlation with observed yields of sorghum and millet under a...

Sub-Saharan West Africa is a vulnerable region where a better quantification and understanding of the impact of climate change on crop yields is urgently needed. Here, we have applied the process-based crop model SARRA-H calibrated and validated over multi-year field trials and surveys at eight contrasting sites in terms of climate and agricultural practices in Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger. The model gives a reasonable correlation with observed yields of sorghum and millet under a...

To describe the nature of hearing loss and associated risk profile in a South African population of infants and children diagnosed at a pediatric referral clinic. A retrospective review of patient files for a pediatric auditory evoked potential clinic in Pretoria was conducted (January 2007–December 2011). Collected data included demographical information, risk factors from case history questionnaire, diagnosis (type and degree of hearing loss), documented age of caregiver suspicion and age...

Market forces are being introduced in public spheres such as higher education and public health, which hitherto were closed to such forces. Ironically, it is the state that is responsible for this process of marketisation. Some see this state action as leading to a growing influence of the state in public policy while others see an attenuation of its role. Critiquing this market–state incompatibility thesis from a geo-spatial perspective on globalisation, this paper calls for an articulation...

This article examines the experiences of social work students as well as the challenges of social work field training in Lesotho with a view to mapping a way forward. Data were collected from 110 respondents made up of agency supervisors, students and lecturers. Secondary data were obtained from agency supervisors’ and students’ fieldwork reports. The findings show that there were overwhelming challenges facing fieldwork training in Lesotho, including a paucity of social welfare agencies and...

This study was designed to determine reasons for learner nurses absenteeism in the nursing schools in Capricorn district, Limpopo Province. A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative design was used to describe factors that contribute to absenteeism of learner nurses in the nursing schools at Capricorn District. The target population consisted of 114 learner nurses at two nursing schools in the Capricorn district. Systematic sampling was used to select 57 learner nurses who participated in...

Purpose. This study evaluated similarities and differences of enrollment rates using two different recruitment strategies for a tobacco control trial in rural and urban African-American (AA) elementary school families. Design. A comparative study, nested within a larger randomized controlled trial, was used to test the effectiveness of two recruitment approaches on enrollment rates in rural and urban AA families. Setting. The study was conducted in 14 Title 1 elementary schools in the...

This article argues that state (re)construction and functioning involves negotiated governance between both state and non-state actors, in which power relations between local actors are not just implicitly present or co-influencing policies but are of uttermost importance to the formation of policy and state. One of the main non-state actors in African service delivery is the church. State and church are two major poles of power which determine – through negotiation – large domains of...

The involvement of parents in Zimbabwean schools is governed by Statutory Instrument 87 of 1992 (SI87) for non-government schools and Statutory Instrument 379 of 1998 (SI379) (Bowora and Mpofu, 1998) for government schools. Non-government schools are run by School Development Committees (SDCs) and government schools are run by School Development Associations (SDAs). It is argued that comprehensive parent involvement is a pre-requisite for improving the culture of teaching and learning in...

The study explored notions of quality in education and the challenges facing Tanzania. The inquiry adopted a humanist approach to determining levels of quality in schools, thus respondents recorded their perceptions on key issues on quality education, relevant to Tanzania. The study used mixed methods and non-probability sampling which selected 20 schools involving 200 participants. Data was collected using written accounts and qualitative questionnaires and a preliminary quantitative...

Demographic and organizational changes in contemporary workplace have affected employees' commitment to the organization fundamentally. The present study investigated the relationship between perceived organizational support and some demographic variables on organizational commitment of non-teaching employees in a state-owned university in Nigeria. Using an ex post facto design, two hundred and six (n=206) non-teaching employees consisting of 110 male and 96 female were purposively selected...

Birth and emergency planning encourages early decision making, helps overcome barriers to skilled maternity care and reduces preventable maternal and newborn deaths. A facility based postnatal survey of 483 childbearing women in Accra, Ghana determined birth and emergency planning steps, awareness of obstetric danger signs, reported maternal and newborn complications and birth outcome based on length of hospital stay. Supervised antenatal care and delivery were nearly universal. Overall, 62%...

Introduction Information is indispensable in all spheres of life that no organizations or individuals can function effectively without it. Library has been recognized as a major and important source of information in any society. It should be emphasized that the quality and quantity of services provided by academic libraries vary greatly from one university to another depending on the financial status, academic programmes, students' population, and the mission of the parent institution....