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This paper estimates private returns to schooling among individuals aged 25 to 40 years old residing in Zambia in 2010. Using Instrumental Variable (IV) approach based on Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) and Generalised Method of Moments (GMM), we estimate average returns to schooling in the order of 15.1 percent. Proximity to primary and secondary school as well as per capita household education expenditure at district level in 1991 served as instruments. These instruments correspond to the...

Drawing on a multi-method qualitative study, this article examines ‘trophy-hunting’ scripts among male university students in Zimbabwe. ‘Trophy hunting’ is a term I have adopted to refer to hegemonic masculinity rituals through which men gain social admiration for dating and having sex with as many women as possible. I argue that this trophy hunting is exacerbated by the ‘crisis of masculinity’ which has been brought about by the harsh macroeconomic environment in Zimbabwe. The latter has...

The study sought to find out the challenges and opportunities of including deaf students in secular and missionary mainstream primary schools in a rural area in Zimbabwe. Twenty- seven participants (2 school heads, 2 specialist teachers, 8 mainstream teachers and 15 deaf students) were purposively selected. All participants were interviewed individually and lesson observations were carried out by one of the researchers. Theme identification methods were used to analyse data and it was found...

Despite the explosive growth in the number of people receiving disability benefits in South Africa, very little is known about the labour supply effects of the disability grant (DG). This study investigates the impact of disability grant receipt on labour force participation. Consideration is given to potential bias that may arise from unobserved confounding factors. The study utilises data drawn from the 2007 wave of the General Household Survey (GHS) and implements a three-step methodology...

Despite the explosive growth in the number of people receiving disability benefits in South Africa, very little is known about the labour supply effects of the disability grant (DG). This study investigates the impact of disability grant receipt on labour force participation. Consideration is given to potential bias that may arise from unobserved confounding factors. The study utilises data drawn from the 2007 wave of the General Household Survey (GHS) and implements a three-step methodology...

The prevalence of sexual risk behaviour is high on campuses at South African universities, putting many students at risk of HIV infection. This study explores individual influences on students' sexual risk-taking behaviour at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. The study collected cross-sectional data obtained between late 2008 and early 2010. A total of 80 in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions were conducted, allowing for an equal representation of males and females and a mix of...

Childhood injuries remain understudied in Uganda. The objective of this study was to determine the extent, nature and determinants of school-related childhood injury risk in north-western Uganda. A cohort of 1000 grade fives from 13 elementary schools was followed-up for one term. Survival and multi-level modelling techniques compared the risk rates across gender, schools and locations. Childhood injuries are common in north-western Uganda. Most of them occur during travel, breaks, practical...

Abstract Abstract To determine the climate changes that are due to natural variability and those due to human activities is quite challenging, just like delineating the impacts. Moreover, it is equally difficult to ascertain the adaptive strategies for coping with the climate changes and in particular for developing countries like Kenya. While climate change is a global phenomenon, the impacts are more or less specific to local areas such as observed in Kenyan case. Therefore climate change...

To date little has been published about epidemiology and public health capacity (training, research, funding, human resources) in WHO/AFRO to help guide future planning by various stakeholders.A bibliometric analysis was performed to identify published epidemiological research. Information about epidemiology and public health training, current research and challenges was collected from key informants using a standardized questionnaire.From 1991 to 2010, epidemiology and public health...

SummaryTraining mid-level practitioners (MLP), usually nurses or clinical officers, to perform tasks conventionally assigned todoctors increases access to care and addresses health worker shortages in resource-constrained countries. In the face ofthe shortcomings of traditional training approaches, identification of effective training methods that create and maintainhighly competent MLP is a priority. A cluster randomized trial with pre–post components was conducted between Marchand December...

This paper discusses the application of an information, motivation and behavioural skills (IMB) model in a school-based programme for the reduction of HIV risk behaviour among 259 Grade 11 learners in two high schools in Alexandra township, Johannesburg. School 1 was the Experimental group, while School 2 was the Control group. After a baseline study (Time 1) at both schools, a 3-week intervention programme was conducted at School 1. A post-test (Time 2) was conducted at both schools. The...

This paper discusses the application of an information, motivation and behavioural skills (IMB) model in a school-based programme for the reduction of HIV risk behaviour among 259 Grade 11 learners in two high schools in Alexandra township, Johannesburg. School 1 was the Experimental group, while School 2 was the Control group. After a baseline study (Time 1) at both schools, a 3-week intervention programme was conducted at School 1. A post-test (Time 2) was conducted at both schools. The...

Active participation in structured physical activity at school as presented in physical education and school sport renders multiple benefits. However, access to such practices is not a given in developing countries where structural obstacles remain. This study explores the participation of learners in Swaziland school sport. A survey was used with 80 schools included in a representable sample selected through stratified random sampling, representing an overall response rate of 86.2%. A total...

Abstract This paper presents a theoretical argument for the introduction of Philosophy for Children (P4C) in schools for the realization of quality education in Africa. While I acknowledge that there is a multiple range of attributes of quality education, I isolate open-mindedness as a value that strives to prepare learners to engage in inquiry and equip them to reason and nurture them into critical, development-oriented citizens. To show the connections between open-mindedness and...