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Since 1990, Burkina Faso, a West African country, has carried out a national leprosy control program treating with WHO/MDT nearly 12,000 patients between 1990 and 1994. A sample survey of 600 cases among these patients showed that 29.8% were disabled cases. There was a predominance of males, older patients, the multibacillary form of leprosy, and former cases treated with dapsone before MDT. The actual rate increased 8.5% compared to the frequency of disabilities at detection (21.3%). The...

In the country now known as Botswana, the history of Tswana culture prior to British colonialism in the nineteenth century shows a tribal or pre-urban spirituality, a strong kinship organisation and a systematic approach to the training of youth both informally and formally. This pre-colonial pedagogy defined the Tswana cosmology and the way future adults related to their society as productive members. The European missionaries who came at the eve of colonialism interpreted education and...

Reasons for the disproportionate failure rate of young urban African American males were studied in an ethnographic study of thirdand sixth-grade classrooms in a low-income African American community. The multimethod approach involved observing classroom sessions and school activities, interviewing students and teachers, and examining documentary evidence of student performance. In this school, the conflict between ideology and reality created a structural hypocrisy that was so pervasive and...

In West Africa, tick-borne relapsing fever is due to the spirochete Borrelia crocidurae and its geographic distribution is classically limited to the Sahel and Saharan regions where the vector tick Alectorobius sonrai is distributed. We report results of epidemiologic investigations carried out in the Sudan savanna of Senegal where the existence of the disease was unknown. A two-year prospective investigation of a rural community indicated that 10% of the study population developed an...

The emotional impact of imagined and real interand intraethnic interactions with peers and authority figures was examined among African Americans. A total of 66 African American undergraduates rated their emotional responses to paragraphlong vignettes that varied the ethnicity (Black or White) and the peer/authority status of other actors in common inteipersonal situations within three emotional contexts (oy, anger, and neutral). Subjects encountered eitherAfi can American or White...

As a study in comparative colonialism, this research attempts to identify similarities and differences in the French and British models of colonial education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Differences in colonial policy were conditioned to some extent by settlement patterns, the role of missionaries and variations in local politics and economies, but also by the moral stances underlying colonial practice. By calling attention to some of the 'signposts' of British and French colonial education...

Abstract The success of many oilfields depends upon efficient disposal of produced water. In the case of the Masila block in Yemen, the difficulty of water disposal was underestimated because the high permeability of the production wells led to expectations that high injection rates and economic subsurface disposal would be easily attained. A number of standard approaches were taken to obtain injection rates of 40,000 BWPD per well. After initial failures, a multi-disciplined team was formed...

The exchange of experiences and lessons has been a feature of JOICFP's IP in Africa since the project's earliest days, particularly at the local level. At the end of 1995, this exchange system was expanded to the regional level with the swap of study teams between Zambia and Tanzania. Five personnel from Tanzania visited Zambia from October 14 to 28 and four IP personnel from Zambia visited Tanzania from November 4 to 18. For both teams the experience was one of learning and provided...

Diabetes mellitus presenting in adolescents age 10 to 20 years accounts for less than 5% of all diabetes in tropical African countries. Consequently, inadequate attention is paid to the medical and psychosocial problems attendant on adolescent diabetes in those countries. This article highlights our clinical experience in the management of 30 adolescent diabetic subjects who presented consecutively in the diabetic clinic of a major Nigerian teaching hospital. In these patients, adolescent...

A structural model relating fertility to its proximate is estimated for the Côte d'Ivoire. The assumption of exogeneity of the proximate determinants is rejected and shown to understate their influence. The model allows identification of the means through which female education affects fertility. Secondary schooling is found to have particularly strong effects, raising the age of cohabitation and reducing the duration of breastfeeding. The two transmission mechanisms are offsetting since...

ABSTRACT: This article describes an innovative transfer of cancer prevention information from a Comprehensive Cancer Center to the community and school setting. A cancer control curriculum, developmentally and culturally appropriate for middle school, African‐American children, was taught to seventh grade students in a public middle school in a large, northeastern city. By building partnerships among a university, an academic medical center, a public school district, and a non‐profit arts...

The relationship between racial identity attitudes and psychological closeness to various African American groups was examined in 171 African American college students at a predominantly White southeastern university. The data were collected using the Racial Identity Attitude Scale (Helms & Parham, 1985), and a scale measuring Perceived Psychological Closeness to African Americans. The closeness scale is a 14‐item instrument that was found to represent (in this sample) psychological...

Teenagers make up a quarter of all mothers in Transkei, South Africa, and well over 75% of them are unmarried. Such a high rate of teenage pregnancy is indicative of a high level of unprotected adolescent sexual activity. We examined sexual behaviour, knowledge and attitudes to sexuality among adolescent school girls in Transkei, using a self-administered questionnaire, in order to establish the incidence of sexual activity, and associated risk factors. Of the 1072 respondents, 74.6% were...

To explore the relationship between age, education, and occupation with dementia among African Americans.Community-based survey to identify subjects with and without evidence of cognitive impairment and subsequent diagnostic evaluation of a stratified sample of these subjects using formal diagnostic criteria for dementia.Urban neighborhoods in Indianapolis, Ind.A random sample of 2212 African Americans aged 65 years and older residing in 29 contiguous census tracts.Subjects's scores on the...

Since June 1992, a seismic network of five digital stations has been operating in southwestern Tanzania, with the aim of investigating the seismic activity and its partitioning with regard to depth in the area between Lake Rukwa and Lake Malawi. During the period 1992 June 15 to 1994 December 31, a reliable location was obtained for 199 local earthquakes: 13 were recorded by all five seismic stations, 71 by four stations and 115 by three seismic stations, with both P-and S-wave arrival-time measurements.

This study investigated gender differences in mathematics achievement of first-year B.Sc. Degree (mathematics major) students at the University of the North in South Africa. They were 214 male and female students. The ages of students ranged from 17 to 66 for 178 men ( M = 22.3) and 17 to 35 years for 36 women ( M = 21.5). With their marks in mathematics as the criterion measure, no significant difference in the mean achievement scores of the two groups was noted; however, a qualitative...

Because African-American women tend to be studied as a homogeneous group, little data exist that report differences in what they know, feel, and do about AIDS. The purpose of this study was to compare African-American women across two age groups and four educational groups to discern if differences exist. African-American women who were 20 years of age or over were recruited in a variety of settings to obtain a heterogeneous sample. The sample totaled 281 women. Participation consisted of...