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Medical educational opportunities and resources are considerably limited in the developing world. The expansion of computing and Internet access means that there exists a potential to provide education to students through distance learning programmes. This study investigated the feasibility of providing distance learning course in surgery in Malawi. The study investigated the user requirements, technical requirements and Internet connections in two teaching hospitals in Malawi. In addition...

Indoor air pollution from burning solid fuels for cooking is a major environmental health problem in developing countries, predominantly affecting children and women. Traditional household energy practices also contribute to substantial time loss and drudgery among households. While effective interventions exist, levels of investment to date have been very low, in part due to lack of evidence on economic viability. Between 2004 and 2007, different combinations of interventions – improved...

Galantamine, a drug used to treat Alzheimer's disease, protects guinea pigs against the acute toxicity and lethality of organophosphorus (OP) compounds, including soman. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a single exposure of guinea pigs to 1xLD50 soman triggers cognitive impairments that can be counteracted by galantamine. Thus, animals were injected intramuscularly with saline (0.5 ml/kg) or galantamine (8 mg/kg) and 30 min later injected subcutaneously with soman (26.3 μg/kg) or saline....

Abstract Effects of mine dump pollution on semiarid savanna vegetation were investigated in Kombat, Namibia. Vegetation structure, species richness, composition and diversity were compared between polluted and control sites. Concentrations of arsenic, chromium, copper, lead and zinc in soils were significantly higher closer to a 99-year-old mine dump than in a control site and exceeded internationally recommended guidelines by as high as 11 times. Mine dump pollution has significantly...

The study is part of a larger study on the management of learner indiscipline in schools. The study sought to establish learners’ views on the most frequent disciplinary measures instituted against them for minor and major forms of indiscipline committed in South African schools. The study followed a descriptive survey design and made use of a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study used 280 learners selected from 15 independent schools in Mthatha district in the...

The paradigm of African traditional education, especially in the backdrop of some cultural practices, continues to attract interest in the contemporary discourses in African Studies. On one hand, the colonial quest was to exterminate African traditions which were perceived as 'primitive'. On the other, a fresh quest on the 'resurrection' of traditional African heritage continues to gather momentum. This study observes that the colonial quest was superficial because it was based, not on...

AbstractThis study investigates, using the Theory of Planned Behaviour, factors that determine teachers’ intention to teach about HIV/AIDS in secondary schools in Botswana. The data used were obtained from a survey of 144 science teachers. The findings produce several interesting revelations. The findings are somewhat contrary to empirical findings in advanced countries where attitude generally plays a larger role in explaining behaviour. In this study, it appears that subjective control...

Abstract This article reports on the conceptualisation of a multivariate interactive computerised teacher demand and supply decision support model of projection for the Further Education and Training (FET) band of public schools for the Gauteng Province of South Africa. This model was conceptualised with a view to enabling policy makers to make projections that estimate aggregate or disaggregate teacher supply and demand. A reductionist methodological approach was used in this inquiry, with...

Resiliency, Control, Enjoyment and Physical Activity in African American High School Students The purpose of this study was to explain physical activity (PA) using Block and Block's (2006a) ego-resiliency and ego-control theory along with measures of self-control and PA enjoyment. One-hundred and seventy-seven African American high school students from a large Midwest inner city participated. In general, cluster analyses provided support for the importance of ego-resiliency and PA enjoyment...

Droughts are the most common type of natural disaster in Africa and the problem is compounded by their complexity. The agriculture sector still forms the backbone of most economies in Africa, with 70% of output being derived from rain-fed small-scale farming; this sector is the first casualty of droughts. Accurate, timely and relevant drought predication information enables a community to anticipate and prepare for droughts and hence minimize the negative impacts. Current weather forecasts...

This article offers a case study from rural Zimbabwe in which a combination of recurring droughts, a severe HIV/AIDS epidemic, and a national economic crisis have contributed to widespread food insecurity. The article examines household level coping responses to the food security crisis affecting southeastern Zimbabwe, a semi-arid region, during a 2004-2005 agricultural season drought. Specifically, this study seeks to understand how the convergence of these events contributed to the...

This article considers a parallel marginalisation of Education for All (EFA) as a holistic approach to education, and the civil society actors and coalitions who address sidelined Dakar goals of early childhood care and education, adult literacy, quality and non-formal education. I argue that in spite of over two decades of EFA rhetoric prizing national ownership and broad participation, education policy processes in Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea, including attempted sector-wide approaches,...

Abstract: Based on an original dataset of university students, this article investigates Ghanaian collective memories of past events that are sources of national pride or shame. On average, young elite Ghanaians express more pride than shame in their national history, and they report shame mostly over actions that caused some physical, material, or symbolic harm. Such actions include not only historic events and the actions of national leaders, but also mundane social practices of average...

Pacific Island countries are recipients of considerable education reform projects, many of which are sponsored by various global donor agencies.  These agencies have become partners for development in the region.  Research cautions that development projects may have detrimental influences as their designs and delivery often ignore the economic, cultural and social contexts of recipient countries.  This paper explores issues impacting on the capacity of educators to lead educational change in...

In this article I explore insights gained from participating in an exploratory, small-scale study led by the Enabling Education Network (EENET) in 17 schools in northern Zambia and five schools in Tanzania. Facilitating South-based research, while based in a Northern university, raises complex ethical issues about voice and control which are discussed in the article. The main aim of the study was to explore understandings of inclusive education at school and community level in northern...