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The effectiveness and costs of three approaches to elementary teacher education in Sri Lanka — preservice, conventional inservice, and distance inservice — are examined. The effectiveness of these approaches was measured by teachers' theoretical and applied knowledge, classroom performance, and pupil achievement. Costs borne by the sponsoring institution and the teachers were evaluated. Although distance education was the most cost-effective of the approaches, graduates of colleges of...
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This chapter focuses on management audit and social indicators. The financial reporting systems of the MNC must respond to at least three related but distinct sets of needs. There are the needs of conforming to the accounting practices and the reporting expectations of host countries. There are the needs of the MNC headquarters for standardization in reporting systems to really know what is going on and to ensure comparability between subsidiaries. There are different views of how reporting...
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Blindness in Southern Sudan is thought to be highly prevalent due to the high prevalence of onchocerciasis and trachoma. In addition, socioeconomic development in the area has been low and growth slow. Communities in the South have not changed much having been unaffected by modern institutions more prevalent in the North. Traditional methods of farming, fishing and pastoralism still persist. However, even these may be hampered by the large scale presence of blackfly and trachoma. This paper...
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An analysis is presented of the numbers of medical students in South African medical schools and of medical graduates produced annually. The data are analyzed according to ethnic groups. It is shown that gross discrepancies exist, and that black (African) and “Colored” sectors of the population are seriously underrepresented. This pattern is found for the total number of medical students; the ratio of number of medical students in each ethnic group to the total population of that group; the...
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Education in Southern Sudan - Education, Religion and Politics in Southern Sudan, 1899–1964. By Lilian Passmore Sanderson and Neville Sanderson. London and Khartoum: Ithaca Press and Khartoum University Press, 1981. Pp. vi + 511. £16.50. - Volume 24 Issue 1
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A study was conducted among 2 500 secondary school students in Calabar, in order to determine the incidence of amoebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica. Microscopic examination of faecal sample smears showed higher percentage infections in the males than in the females; 61 out of 1 250 males were infected (4.8%), while 52 of 1 250 females were infected (4.1%). Among infected persons, asymptomatic carriers (64.6%) and symptomatic cases (35.4%) were recorded. Infection was lower among...
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Isolement de Giardia lamblia chez 18 hommes et 22 femmes a partir de 5211 echantillons. Les auteurs discutent la necessite de programmes preventifs comme moyens sanitaires du controle de la giardiase au Chili
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Ghana and Nigeria are typical of many developing nations that find themselves in the throes of a sweeping socio-cultural transition. There are a number of similarities between these two West African nations. For example, both are former British colonies that have experienced a number of shifts between civilian and military rule.1 Both also present pictures of considerable ethnic diversity. Among the major groups in Ghana are the Akan, Ewe and Ga. The Hausa, Ibo and Yoruba are but a few of...
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From the Tertiary period onwards, Kenya has experienced repeated episodes of volcanicity, resulting in a large part of the country being covered by volcanic rocks. Soils developed on the volcanic rocks per se (for example, Nitosols and Andosols) have been widely studied. But the buried soils (paleosols), which had developed before the deposition of the volcanic rocks, have received very little emphasis. Little is also known of the soils developed on the overburden of volcanic rocks (surface...
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M. J. Watts - Économie politique des accidents climatiques: perspective villageoise sur la sécheresse et l'économie paysanne dans une région semi-aride d'Afrique occidentale. A partir d'une analyse des conséquences sociales de la récente sécheresse en pays hausa, une critique de l'approche purement géographique de l'étude des accidents climatiques et de leurs effets sur les sociétés qui en sont victimes. Même la description en termes d'écologie sociale, d'adaptation collective aux...