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Pronunciation instruction had often been neglected in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes because it was generally associated with the mechanical drills reminiscent of the Audiolingual method and because it was considered to be incompatible with Communicative Language Teaching (CLT).Recent research has, however, shown that explicit pronunciation instruction is quite compatible with CLT and that it results in improving the learner's comprehensibility and intelligibility.This study...

English has been used as a medium of instruction in secondary schools and universities in Tanzanian.Pedagogical practice in these levels has however, continued to generate huge challenges in the education system.Considerable amount of time is wasted by students grappling with the language of instruction instead of learning their other subjects.In universities, Communication Skills (CS) course was introduced primarily to enable students apply the existing knowledge of English to particular...

<p>Educational institution building for agricultural education and training (AET) in sub-Saharan<br />African has struggled, leading to many false starts and only islands of success. This review<br />examines relevant literature related to carrying out AET in developing countries, the<br />historical successes or challenges of developing AET institutions, and the need for<br />establishing AET institutions. Numerous factors hampering the development of AET...

Increased occurrence of drought and dry spells during the growing season have resulted in increased interest in protection of tropical water catchment areas.In Mgeta, a water catchment area in the Uluguru Mountains in Tanzania, water used for vegetable and fruit production is provided through canals from the Uluguru South Forest Reserve.The clearing of forest land for cultivation in the steep slopes in the area is causing severe land degradation, which is threatening the water catchment...

Nigeria is endowed with wide human and economic potentials, but every effort aimed at moving towards attainment of rightful position on functional educational perspectives that would eventually lead to the desired growth economically and technologically still remain a mirage. To bridge thisgap, the federal government has articulated a twenty years (2010-2030) development plan tagged “vision 2030” overtime, there was a belief that, the education sector with particular focus on vocational and...

Botswana's medical school graduated its first class in 2014. Given the importance of attracting doctors to rural areas the school incorporated rural exposure throughout its curriculum.This study explored the impact of rural training on students' attitudes towards rural practice.The University of Botswana family medicine rural training sites, Maun and Mahalapye.The study used a mixed-methods design. After rural family medicine rotations, third- and fifth-year students were invited to complete...

Transition and Inclusive Development in MalawiMalawi is among the few countries in sub-Saharan Africa that has witnessed signifi cant improvements in relation to meeting the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets.It exhibits some of the main challenges facing African democracies while they attempt to consolidate the benefi ts of democratisation.Political Transition and Inclusive Development in Malawi critically analyses opportunities and constraints related to the impact of democracy on...

Cesarean delivery (CD) is one of the commonest surgeries worldwide.Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the complications which arises later on in the postoperative period with an incidence five to twenty times that of vaginal delivery.Knowing the prevalence of SSIs and its risk factors is important in improving infection prevention and control in our setting.This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors for post CD SSI in the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics ofButare...

The trees and non-timber forest products (NTFPs) of the Congo Basin play a key role in alleviating food insecurity among millions of people around the world. Although many studies have been conducted both nationally and regionally on issues of food insecurity in the Congo Basin, little is known on the effects of timber exploitation on household food insecurity statues of forest dependent communities in this region. This study focused on the determination of the principal indicators of...

This article contributes to knowledge around organisational learning in relation to Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) processes of non-governmental organisations (NGOs).While learning and accountability are two fundamental purposes of M&E, in practice NGOs often perceive donor accountability as the only function of their organisation’s M&E system. Learning through meaningful monitoring of actions is a necessary process to satisfy effective functioning of organisations working on...

Background: Given the low levels of financial literacy in South Africa, financial education projects have a significant role to play in reducing some of the demand side barriers to financial inclusion. Measuring the impact of a financial education project is important to assess whether the project achieves its ultimate objectives, for justifying scaling up and for policy design. However, impact evaluations alone are not sufficient in describing the success or failure of a project.Objectives:...

The importance of human and material resources is emphasized in schools curriculum. A broad school curriculum is suggestive of a considerable increase in school resource input and their effective implementation and management, while inadequate provision of resources inputs is a major bottleneck of educational development. The study examined the adequacies of resource inputs such as classrooms for implications of overcrowding, books and learning materials, as well as laboratory facilities in...

The objective of this study is to establish the effects of age, gender, and education and to provide preliminary normative data for letter and category fluency tasks in the Egyptian Arabic-speaking population. We evaluated 139 cognitively healthy volunteers aged 20–93 by adapting the letter and category verbal fluency tasks for the Egyptian population. On the letter fluency task, mean number of words generated in one-minute beginning with the Arabic letter “Sheen” (pronounced “sh”) was 8.14...

The proliferation of several universities in Zimbabwe has led to stiff competition for students.As some conventional colleges shift to being bimodal, the belief among Open Distance Learning faculty was that there was also need to adopt the same trend in ODL.However, before instituting such measures, there was need to establish how the Zimbabwe Open University could make its programmes receptive to Ordinary and Advanced level graduates, who were the target population for the innovation.The...

The purpose of this study was to determine factors influencing utilization of online library services by distance students at the University of Nairobi.Specifically the study sought to achieve one objective; to examine how age as a personal characteristic influence utilization of online library services by distance students at the university of Nairobi.The researcher applied an eclecticism research paradigm.The study adopted descriptive survey design.Data was collected using...