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This paper presents and discusses the policy implications of a survey conducted in a Papua New Guinea Highlands town from the point of view of education system external efficiency as measured by market outcomes. The study deals with informal as well as formal sector incomes, and with academic achievement as well as attainment, and attempts to isolate the productivity-enhancing contributions of individual academic subjects at the lower secondary level.

Community Psychology can play an important role in the post-apartheid psychology curriculum as South Africa struggles to implement its Reconstruction Development Programme. A Community Psychology course was developed to address some of the pressing issues that face the Black majority in South Africa. The course perspective, course structure, reading materials, and assignments are described. The relevance of psychology during the postapantheid era and the challenges that psychologists face at...

Recent research indicates that larger countries, with multiple agro-climatic zones, have the capacity to adjust to marginal climate changes which could occur over the next century. However, in countries with fewer adaptation options and with increasing dependency on imports to meet growing domestic demands, climate change might have significant impacts. To date, little has been done on assessing integrated impacts of climate change in developing countries. This motivates the need for...

(1996). Sustaining Higher Education in Francophone West Africa: The Togolese Case. The Educational Forum: Vol. 60, No. 1, pp. 68-74.

From 1948 to 1994, the Republic of South (RSA) maintained 15 different departments of education and separate educational systems, signifying the inequality in educational opportunities throughout the era of apartheid. Even before the new democratic system of government ushered in with the 1994 elections, however, the possibility of establishing a community college system in the country had been explored. At a 1992 education conference, for example, it was recommended that South Africa's...

Although there are sufficient technical means for preventing waste water from becoming seriously polluted, in practice the implementation of preventive measures lags far behind the possibilities. Many reasons can be suggested for this, such as ignorance and economic uncertainties, but very little research, if any, has been carried out into the way in which entrepreneurs' behaviour can be influenced in practical situations. In a pilot study in The Netherlands, carried out by the Energy and...

AbstractContinuing education programmes in information technology were seen as important by a majority of library and information science educators in anglophone Africa. This conclusion is based on a survey of 60 educators in 25 schools from nine countries. Other areas of substantial interest include management, curriculum development and teaching methods, and rural librarianship.

Existing evidence on the impact of education on agricultural productivity in Africa is mixed, with estimates usually insignificant although sometimes large. Analysis of the first nationally representative household survey of Uganda gives an estimate of the impact of household primary schooling on crop production comparable to the developing country average. In addition, the primary schooling of neighbouring farm workers appears to raise crop production and these external returns exceed the...

ion: self-identity. on making the literature an integral part of the curricu lum and, in the process, making African American literary characters familiar heroes in middle school classrooms. Three example units are presented, with a description of the male and female heroes in each of the central novels for whole-class reading and a description of other posi tive characters in related novels for independent reading. Mystery or problem-solving units A popular unit in middle schools is based...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of three continuing education seminars (within a period of 4 months) on the quality of patient management and rational drug use. The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. Prescribers in 16 general health centers were allocated to an intervention (eight health centers) or a control (eight health centers) group. A total of 5,685 patient cards was analyzed for quality of case management and rational drug use. In the...

There has been considerable progress in reducing barriers to care for African and Hispanics Americans. Yet current research indicates that overall African and Hispanic Americans are disproportionately encountering barriers to care. Unfortunately very little is known regarding the status of African and Hispanic Americans with disabilities. The purpose of this paper is to assess by using data from the 1987 National Medical Expenditure Survey (NMES), the degree of disability for African,...

Breast feeding has been recognized as a child survival strategy, while breast feeding programmes have been increasingly implemented in many communities. This study assesses the effectiveness of a breast feeding education programme launched through the primary health care programme in the rural communities of Nigeria. Late trimester pregnant women were enrolled into the study and given a questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about breast feeding. Women in the study group...

This cross-sectional study of women was conducted in a deprived area of Papua New Guinea with an estimated infant mortality rate of 133/1000 live births. Mortality patterns derived from birth histories showed that neonatal deaths contribute proportionally more to infant mortality than postneonatal deaths, emphasizing the need for better care at delivery. To examine possible mechanisms for intervention, pregnant women were interviewed to determine patterns of antenatal clinic use,...

The purpose of this article is to explore the nature of motivational factors that have influenced the educational achievement of 11 African American female college students. It also investigates the extent to which these students' educational achievements are related to individual socioeconomic advancement versus collective socioeconomic advancement of African Americans. Sources used were transcripts from semi structured interviews and field notes from participant observations. The findings...

The conceptual framework developed for this study used the review of the literature to identify eighteen key factors that influence student outcomes. The factors are divided into four inter-related categories that are themselves influenced by the institutional, cultural, political, and economic context surrounding the school. Within this context, the supporting inputs flow into each school where interaction among the enabling conditions, school climate, and teaching/learning process combine...

The conceptual framework developed for this study used the review of the literature to identify eighteen key factors that influence student outcomes. The factors are divided into four inter-related categories that are themselves influenced by the institutional, cultural, political, and economic context surrounding the school. Within this context, the supporting inputs flow into each school where interaction among the enabling conditions, school climate, and teaching/learning process combine...

Ethiopia has only recently emerged from decades of brutal and socially taxing civil war. The new government is a coalition faced with creating a modern pluralist nation-state upon an historical foundation of totalitarianism. Education generally, and language policy more specifically, continues to be one of the most contentious factors on the Ethiopian social and political scene. In a country with 82 distinctly different languages and ethnic groups, this is no small matter. After enduring...