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International Higher Education (IHE) publishes insightful, informed, and high-quality commentary and analysis on trends and issues of importance to higher education systems, institutions, and stakeholders around the world.

International Higher Education (IHE) publishes insightful, informed, and high-quality commentary and analysis on trends and issues of importance to higher education systems, institutions, and stakeholders around the world.

The fisheries development policy in Papua New Guinea is executed in the Sector Review and ADB Report, where new strategies such as promotion of market-oriented coastal fisheries and effective pro duction with modern fishing gear and vessels are identified. Despite of the development policy, the fisheries education has declined since the 1980's. There is less correlation between the development policy and education. The two major fisheries educational institutions remain sparse production of...

Frustrated with the failure of top-down health messages to change behavior, designers of awareness and prevention programs have turned to peer education as the only effective alternative to prevent the spread of HIV. Peer educators live or work with the people NGO staff or government health workers are trying to reach. Peers, unlike experts, are accepted as equals and can constantly reinforce the prevention message. In Tanzania, the African Medical and Research Foundation (Amref) has applied...

Hearing loss, with its cause, type and degree, was studied in patients who attended the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Outpatient Clinic at the Port Moresby General Hospital for a period of 5 years from 1987 to 1992. It was found that 1150 (18%) of the patient population attending the ENT Clinic had hearing loss. Audiological evaluation was performed in 583 patients. More males presented to the clinic with hearing loss than females. Otitis media was the most common identified cause of hearing...

This study analyzes survey data to explore differences in experiences between African-Americans and whites in criminology/criminal justice education. The experiences of females in criminal justice education are also explored. Written comments from the respondents on issues specific to gender and race discrimination are included. Findings point toward different academic experiences for minorities and females, than for white males and to different experiences for minorities than for whites....

This article responds to a recent review essay by King (1993) on the limited presence of African American teachers in American elementary and secondary education. The purpose of this response is twofold. First, it is suggested that the original work leaves some of the issues surrounding attracting and retaining elementary and secondary school teachers unaddressed, leaves some conflicting empirical work unsynthesized, and provides interpretations and policy suggestions that do not necessarily...

As a result of the policy of apartheid, the University of Cape Town Medical School was prevented from admitting black African students by the South African Government until 1986. A further feature of this policy was to impose an inferior primary and secondary school education on African pupils, so that, in general, African school-leavers are underprepared for tertiary education. Admission to medical school is highly competitive and African school-leavers are unable to compete effectively...

Abstract In today's Zimbabwe, an extended network of institutions which serve persons with disabilities are the legacy of Jairos Jiri, one of the greatest African philanthropists. Started as a personal initiative to help Africans with disabilities, it became part of a larger self-help movement in colonial Rhodesia. This movement was characterized by the idea to establish independent African-controlled schools and black-run business ventures in an effort to uplift Africans. Jiri's activities...

Ethnographic research was undertaken to determine which, and how, sociocultural factors influence the academic performance of black students at a distance‐education university in South Africa. A contextual and individualistic‐holistic approach to case studies was applied. Performance was found to be related to various sociocultural and other factors that included: inadequate preparation for schooling, poor conditions and teaching in schools, unfamiliarity with the university's culture of...

This study addresses the on-going debate in Zimbabwe about the differences between Group "A", that is, formerly, whites-only schools, and Group "B", that isformerly black schools. This paper is particularly concerned with punishment and discipline in the schools which we have researched through the eyes of sixth formers. One hundred and thirty-one boys suggested appropriated punishments for six misdemeanours. The school of the offender and the nature of the misdemeanour interacted to...

This research is aimed at establishing academic writing needs of first year undergraduate agriculture students in an English as a Second Language context. The research was motivated by the need to design subject-specific teaching materials for the Communication Skills (CS) course in one of the Kenyan universities. The study was informed by concepts of discourse communities, audience expectations and language use from social construction theory, and insights from the principles of needs...

Mitigation of the effects of the droughts that regularly ravage parts of South Africa, heightened by an inadequate water supply infrastructure in many rural areas, is being addressed urgently.

The racial inequalities of the Rhodesian education system are outlined. The paper then assesses the conservativereforms of the transitional governmentof 'Zimbabwe-Rhodesia' (1978-80), and the more radical approach pursued since independence. A case study is made of nine secondary schools in Harare. The policies pursued are compared with the interim measures of the South African government since 1990, and lessons derived from the Zimbabwean experience are applied to the situation which will...

A typical Lorenz-curve framework is used to measure inequality of resource allocation in education in South Africa. While reductions in the degree of inequality have been achieved over the past two decades, substantial inequalities remain. The current distribution of resources in education is much more unequal than that for developed countries, but it is not as unequal as that for developing countries.

There was an outbreak of "a mysterious disease" at a Zambian school dormitory in September, 1993. Investigation with questionnaire and collection of throat swab specimens for virus isolation were carried out on 46 patients to identify the causative agent. In this outbreak, most of the patients showed similar symptoms such as fever, headache, sore throat, cough, etc. The disease had spread to all dormitories within a couple of days after the onset of the first cases. From these patients, 13...