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Background: Aflatoxins are carcinogenic and immunosuppressing compounds that contaminate food staples such as maize and groundnuts in tropical and subtropical climates around the world. The risk of chronic aflatoxin exposure is particularly high in sub-Saharan Africa, where rural populations of subsistence farmers frequently experience food insecurity which may force families to consume damaged crops and subsequent unregulated amounts of aflatoxins. Although a causal mechanism has yet to be...
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Severe global shortages in the health care workforce sector have made improving access to essential emergency care challenging. The paucity of trained specialists in low- and middle-income countries translates to large swathes of the population receiving inadequate care. Efforts to expand emergency medicine (EM) education are similarly impeded by a lack of available and appropriate teaching faculty. The development of comprehensive, online medical education courses offers a potentially...
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In 2013, Kenya's National AIDS and STI Control Programme established a Learning Site (LS) in Mombasa County to support and strengthen capacity for HIV prevention programming within organisations working with sex workers. A defining feature of LS was the use of a Programme Science approach throughout its development and implementation. We provide an overview of the key components of LS, present findings from 23 months of programme monitoring data, and highlight key Programme Science lessons...
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This paper focused on the use of marketing ideas as a vital management and business tool for effective operations of secondary schools in Nigeria. The study was aimed at making school managers to understand that school is a business and must require application of marketing insights and skills for effectiveness. Moreover, the work is to provide the blue-print for school managers to purposefully introduce marketing strategies into school management. The study unveiled that schools are...
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The major purpose of this study was to explore the metacognitive orientations of science students at the secondary level of education. To achieve this, three research questions and hypotheses were raised, answered and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The design of the study was survey and samples consisted of 36 schools and 705 science students drawn from Delta state, Nigeria. The instrument used for data collection was Self-Efficacy and Metacognitive Learning Inventory Science...
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Abstract This paper examines the impact of parental education on child health using a reduction in the length of primary schooling in Egypt. We use a fuzzy regression discontinuity design to compare the health outcomes of children whose parents were exposed to different schooling requirements because they were born either side of a threshold date. Using data from the Demographic and Health Survey (1992–2014), we find no effect of maternal education on child mortality or nutritional status....
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From the outset, the public education system in French West Africa was designed to meet a number of objectives: to consolidate French influence by establishing a network of elementary schools throughout the colony; to ensure that the education given to Africans was appropriate to their (presumed) level of intellectual development; to promote manual work and raise productivity; to train loyal intermediaries to staff the lower levels of the colonial administration and European firms; to...
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Background. Children who have sustained severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI) demonstrate a range of post-injury neurocognitive and behavioral sequelae, which may have adverse effects on their academic and behavioral outcomes and interfere with school re-entry, educational progress, and quality of life. These post-TBI sequelae are exacerbated within the context of a resource-poor country like South Africa where the education system is in a somewhat precarious state especially for those from...
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Dans le monde entier, le rôle de l’éducation dans le développement des sociétés ne saurait être mis en question. L’éducation formelle a toutefois un coût. Elle nécessite des investissements certains si l’individu, la collectivité et le gouvernement souhaitent en tirer les meilleurs bénéfices. La part des investissements consacrés à l’éducation par le gouvernement nigérian ne cesse de s’amenuiser même s’il s’efforce de développer et règlementer l’accès à l’éducation. Les étudiants continuent...
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This study aims to examine the relationship between socio-economic status (as measured by education) and multiple disability measures among adults in eighteen sub-Saharan African countries, and to determine whether the strength of this relationship varies across age groups. The analysis uses data drawn from the 2002–04 World Health Survey. The findings indicate that low education is positively associated with poor functional health, and the functional health gap between educational levels...