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In the South African context, the returns to schooling of young African males between 20 and 29 years of age increased significantly between 1975 and 1985, while the returns enjoyed by older African males improved negligibly if at all. Evidence is presented suggesting that an improvement in the quality of schooling of Africans between the early sixties and the early seventies is partly responsible for the rise in schooling returns. The implications for wage levels of the breakdown of the...

This paper discusses three main issues, namely (a) some basic facts on the access of females and males to higher education in Africa (b) participation of men and women with higher education in the labour market particularly, in the civil service, higher education and in entrepreneurial activities; and (c) some of the reasons why there is disparity in the percentages of men and women who have access to higher education. These issues are explored with emphasis on the social and cultural...

This paper discusses three main issues, namely (a) some basic facts on the access of females and males to higher education in Africa (b) participation of men and women with higher education in the labour market particularly, in the civil service, higher education and in entrepreneurial activities; and (c) some of the reasons why there is disparity in the percentages of men and women who have access to higher education. These issues are explored with emphasis on the social and cultural...

In many developing countries there has not been any systematic analysis of societal beliefs and attitudes towards drug entities, the meaning which is attributed to drugs and their effects and how such meanings might influence drug consumption and health seeking behaviour. It is in many developing countries that a lot of antimicrobial agents are available freely over the counter or on the street. This is said to make the assessment of the therapeutic outcome during their use often very...

Slope morphology controls were examined in two topographically different areas on the southern transform margin of the Guinea Plateau (Sectors G1 and G2). Tectonic control is manifested by steep, faulted slopes in both study areas, and by basement warping in Sector G1 and magmatic emplacements in Sector G2. Sediment deposition and the formation of bedforms such as sediment waves on the margin are influenced by topographically intensified bottom currents within the intermediate-deep water...

(1992). Zimbabwe: drought, food and adjustment. Review of African Political Economy: Vol. 19, No. 53, pp. 88-94.

The results of a survey carried out in 1990 on the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practice (KABP) concerning AIDS are presented and discussed. The population surveyed was a random sample of 474 secondary school students (SSS), aged 14-25, in Banfora (Burkina Faso). Among the SSS, a high level of general knowledge about AIDS as a sexually transmitted disease (92.2%) and about condoms (83.1%) is noted. More specific knowledges however, such as the notion of seropositivity, is less well...

The seismic activity associated with the Cenozoic rift valley in Kenya generally consists of seismic events of magnitudes ML < 3, whilst that associated with the western branch of the East African Rift System includes many higher magnitude (Ms > 4) events, indicating a difference in the manner of energy release between the eastern and western branches. This paper combines the results from recent temporary seismic networks within Kenya and analyses the coverage of small-scale seismicity to...

ABSTRACT The reliability and validity of the Study Process Questionnaire (Biggs, 1987) is investigated for 352 Nigerian undergraduates. The concepts involved in the SPQ are relevant to Nigerian students and the SPQ scales and subscales were found to be of adequate internal consistency reliability for research purposes. This conclusion was further enhanced by the meaningful factor structure of responses to the SPQ subscales found for the Nigerian sample. However, doubt is cast as to the...

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether significant gender and grade differences existed in the mathematics and science attitudes of 117 African‐American middle grade students identified as gifted using the Fennema‐Sherman Mathematics Attitudes Scales (Fennema & Sherman, 1976) and Attitude Survey of Junior High Science (Fisher, 1973). Subjects came from communities that were culturally, linguistically, and ethnically diverse, and had lower middle to middle socioeconomic class...

The crucial need for environmental data in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), requires that data be collected, managed, and used in a systematic manner. The establishment of the Programme on Environment Information Systems (EIS) in SSA, helped set-up operational EIS, to meet priority demands of resource users, planners, and decision makers for better renewable resource management. The Programme supports the assessment of priority needs in terms of environment, and land information, and analyzes the...

This report outlines the findings, issues and recommended improvements from fourteen individual studies undertaken on primary and secondary school examinations. Considerable reliance has been placed on public examinations in African education as a means of ensuring that teachers and students cover a common curriculum, and accordingly as a particularly effective instrument for raising academic standards. However, it has also been argued that while public examinations may help raise academic...

Egypt's policy on higher education, the author argues, must take account of the realities of declining government budgets and employment and increasing reliance on the private sector, which must become more competitive internationally. Education in Egypt must increase Egyptians' ability to cope with economic disequilibria: to respond quickly and effectively to changing technological and market opportunities. The Government of Egypt's strategy for achieving this goal is to stabilize the...

The effect of cognitive style, sex and instructional modes on students' Biology Retention-Test Performance was investigated. Two hundred and fifty-eight biology students were non-randomly assigned to a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial design model. The subjects were exposed to an eight-week instructional treatment. A three-way analysis of covariance indicated that field independent students exhibited a very high level of retention while the field dependent group performed poorest on the retention-test....

The Nigerian national policy on education emphasizes the use of mother tongues both as media of instruction and as school subjects in the curriculum. Considers these educational language objectives in relation to the lack of human and material resources to support them. Offers suggestions which might help enhance the success of the policies.

Abstract The changes taking place towards a non-racial South Africa and the acceptance of English as a lingua franca should be accompanied by the promotion of African languages for communication. This means that there is to be a need for teaching methodologies that equip learners not only with the knowledge of grammar but also with knowledge of use of the languages in social contexts. It appears that there are very few Xhosa non-mother tongue speakers who can communicate effectively in the...

This retrospective study was undertaken to obtain recent information on the pattern of road traffic accidents (RTA) and the associated disabilities in Nigeria. We reviewed the medical records of RTA related cases recorded between 1987 and 1990 at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife. Over the 4-year period, 2667 cases of RTA were recorded and this constitutes 5.3% of the total medical and surgical emergencies seen at the hospital. Furthermore, RTA cases accounted for 8.1%...