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m This study utilized in-depth interviewing, participant observation, and student diaries completed by participants to examine the quality of teacher-student relationships at a low-cost private school in the townships of Ndola, Zambia. Amidst economic decline and the HIV/AIDS epidemic facing Zambia today, teachers and students developed strong relationships that differed from those found in government secondary schools and were shaped by the economic and social realities in the larger...
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This study aimed at exploring the difference in learners‟ achievement in public and private primary schools in Tanzania. Three subjects namely Kiswahili, English and Mathematics were assessed to investigate the differences. The specific objectives of the study were; (1) to find out the difference in learners achievement (2) to investigate the factors contributing to the difference. Education for Self-Reliance (ESR) policy was used as theory to guide the study. ESR policy was formulated by...
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There may be need to assess intelligent quotient (IQ) scores in sub-Saharan African children with intellectual disability, either for the purpose of educational needs assessment or research. However, modern intelligence scales developed in the western parts of the world suffer limitation of widespread use because of the influence of socio-cultural variations across the world. This study examined the agreement between IQ scores estimation among Nigerian children with intellectual disability...
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Nigeria, on the west coast of Africa, has an area of 923,769 square kilometres. In 2006, its population of 140,003,542 spoke more than 400 languages and belonged to more than 250 ethnic groups (Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2007). It has a low Human Development Index ? ranked 158 out of 177 countries (UNDP, 2003) and high ethno-religious and regional tensions. The struggle for economic and political dominance leads to high-profile assassinations, religious intolerance and ethnic clashes at...
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The purpose of this paper was to present estimates of costs and effects of selected interventions for hearing impairment in Africa and Asia. The method used mathematical simulation models on the basis of WHO burden of disease information, and WHO-CHOICE costing databases. Findings showed that in both regions, screening strategies for hearing impairment and delivery of hearing aids cost between I$1000 and I$1600 per DALY, with passive screening being the most efficient intervention. Active...
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Background: We present a series of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who attended an eye hospital in Sana, Yemen during 2004. Aim: To determine the magnitude and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Design: Cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: Ophthalmologists assessed vision, ocular pressure, ocular media and posterior segment to note ocular manifestations among patients with DM. DR was graded by using bio-microscope and Volk lens. The prevalence and 95% confidence...
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We associated regularity in visits to a diabetes clinic with the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and visual disabilities.This historical cohort study was conducted in 2004. The physician reported details of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and other illness. The ophthalmologist examined eyes and noted visual acuity, DR, and other ocular morbidities. We calculated the relative risk (RR) of different complications of diabetes.Our cohort consisted of 228 patients (114 in each group,...
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This research is an investigation of whether 'African Indigenous Knowledge Systems (AIKS)' can enhance the achievement of Education for All (EFA) with particular reference to the Chewa people of Zambia. The study raises challenges that many countries have experienced in their effort to achieve EFA. Among the Chewa people of Zambia, quality, relevance and credibility of the education are some of the reasons affecting the provision of education to all. This research has argued that formal...
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This study investigates the extent to which South African short-term insurance companies manage climate change risk, as evidenced in their annual and sustainability reporting. The study context takes into account the fact that the world’s climate has been changing at a more accelerated rate since the early 1970s, causing disasters that have negatively affected world economies in the last ten years. Insurers, due to their huge financial resource base, long history of spurring innovation...
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Due to lack of public awareness and cancer surveillance, patients in developing countries usually present with advanced and terminal malignancies. The absence of early diagnostic facilities and standard chemotherapeutic and radiotherapy services in low-income countries further confound the problem in the care of such patients. Moreover, the prevalence of cancers (including upper GI malignancies) is unknown in Ethiopia due to lack of national cancer registry.To assess the type and the pattern...