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Providing a high quality education to more than 3 million children and young people in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is enormously problematic. Major challenges include a developing economy, debilitating corruption, lack of transportation infrastructure, and arguably the world's most diverse population, the majority of whom live in rural based customary communities. Combined widespread poverty, and burgeoning human rights issues surrounding gender inequality, family violence, physical and sexual...

Since the introduction of school guidance and counseling services in Papua New Guinea (PNG) schools in the 1970s little has changed. A limited number of Guidance Officers (GOs) each look after a large number of secondary schools. Consequently they only have time to administer a bank of Australian Council for Education Research (ACER) aptitude tests to grade 11 students and provide limited career guidance to year 12 students. This means that more than one million school aged children in PNG...

Measurement invariance of the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition across race (Blacks and Whites) was examined in a sample of university students, from two universities from diverse geographical areas of South Africa ( N = 870). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (i.e., means and covariance structures) was used to test the factorial invariance of the hierarchical four-factor structure, composed of three first-order factors (i.e., Negative Attitude, Performance Difficulty, and...

Thirteen years have passed since the Minister of Education, Kader Asmal, implemented the National Policy on Religion and Education in 2003 (South African Government 2003). The policy provided a new...

Abstract A brown field is an oil or gas asset that has matured to a production plateau or even progressed to a stage of declining production, where significant oil or gas reserves have been produced. Acquisition of brown fields all over the world was on the increase prior to the current volatility of crude oil price in the international market. On acquisition of brown fields, the new investors are always eager to revive the field, explore for more reserves and increase production to maximize...

Abstract Agricultural practices have constantly changed in West Africa, and understanding the factors that have driven the changes may help guide strategies to promote sustainable agriculture in the region. To contribute to such efforts, this paper analyzes drivers of change in farming practices in the region using data obtained from surveys of 700 farming households in five countries (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger and Senegal). The results showed that farmers have adopted various...

This study investigated teachers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of Quality Assurance and Standard Officers’(QASOs)supervisory roles in public primary schools’ academic improvements in Kiambu County of Kenya. The critical role of supervision as one of the dominant strategies for monitoring and improving the performance of education systems in schools cannot be over emphasized. Supervision is concerned with the improvement of learning outcomes and should be an integral part of school...

Murang’a County of Kenya has been performing poorly in national examinations for four years running as indicated in the background of the study. The researcher, therefore, sought to undertake a study to establish whether head teachers instructional leadership role has any implications on academic achievement. The study was guided by the following specific objective: To establish how head teachers’ instructional leadership role of setting a clear vision and goals influence academic...

The global trends in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has brought about growth in the usage of the internet, hence, online social network seems to be a norm among students in Nigeria, Anambra State inclusive. However, there seems to be a widespread abuse of its usage among students. This necessitated this study which sought to ascertain the usage of online social network by secondary school students and its influence on their academic achievement. Three research questions...

The African American Women’s Summit (AAWS) is a professional development program in the United States created by and for African American women in student affairs. This article reviews the evolution and structure of the AAWS. A discussion, grounded in Black feminist thought, is included relative to the impact of the AAWS on African American women student affairs professionals.

Management by Objective through Open Performance Review and Appraisal System (OPRAS) was introduced in Tanzania for evaluation of public servants work performance in 2004. The aim of this study was to investigate how teachers perceive the implementation of OPRAS as a mechanism of assessing their work performance and making them accountable for their teaching. The study was mainly qualitative with some aspects of quantitative data. It involved 108 informants, where 90 were the primary school...

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER DEGREE IN SCIENCE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE EDUCATION FACULTY OF EDUCATION AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA

This study assesses future flood risk in the Niger River Basin (NRB), for the first time considering the simultaneous effects of both projected climate change and land use changes. For this purpose, an ecohydrological process-based model (SWIM) was set up and validated for past climate and land use dynamics of the entire NRB. Model runs for future flood risks were conducted with an ensemble of 18 climate models, 13 of them dynamically downscaled from the CORDEX Africa project and five...

As a result of increasing globalisation expatriation in the oil and gas industry has become a common practice. In order to be on the foreground in such a competitive market, it is vital for a corporation like the National Oil Corporation in Libya to make certain that operational international recruitment and expatriate assignments are in place. As a member of OPEC and as an owner of the foremost oil reserves in Africa, the NOC in Libya attracts international investment from a varied array of...

Several studies estimate the immediate impact of climate change on agricultural societies in terms of changes in crop yields or farm income, though few studies concentrate on the immediate secondary consequences of climate change. This synthetic analysis uses a set of indicators to assess the repercussions of predicted income reductions resulting from climate change on food consumption, nutrition, health expenditure, education, and recreation in Zimbabwe, Cameroon, South Africa and Ethiopia....

Using data for 49 African countries over the years spanning 2000-2012, and controlling for a wide range of factors, this study empirically assesses the effects of formal institutions on ICT adoption in developing countries. It deploys 2SLS and FE regression models, (a) to estimate what determines ICT adoption and (b) to trace how ICT adoption affects inclusive development. The results show that formal institutions affect ICT adoption in this group of countries, with government effectiveness...