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Introduction Clean cook stoves help reduce firewood consumption, reduce exposure to household air pollution, and save households time from firewood gathering and cooking. The aim of the study is to determine the best ways to promote the adoption and continual use of clean cookstoves to minimize the health risks from household air pollution. Method Participants for this study were sampled from the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS), which provided participants with...

Introduction: South Africa is one of the four largest importers of pesticides in sub-Saharan Africa. The Western Cape (WC) is at risk from projected climate-induced warming and changes in rainfall variability which will have significant implications on the wastewater flows from agricultural fields towards water bodies and other ecosystems. This study pertains to analyse the relationship between trends in meteorological determinants, chemical uses, and some relevant health outcomes. Methods:...

Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy linked with high levels of morbidity and mortality in developing countries due to delayed diagnosis. This research assessed the knowledge of signs and risk factors of breast cancer and practice of self breast examination (SBE) among female nurses in a rural tertiary Hospital. Eighty-five nurses ages 20 to 60 years were sampled by simple randomization over a period of eight weeks through a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. The...

Inspired by local arts community engagement initiatives and community music interventions internationally, Wits University (in Johannesburg, South Africa) developed a model of service learning that links the intentions, methodologies and purposes of these domains to promote student learning and benefit communities. This paper examines the quality and content of Community Music students’ learning in a pilot project located in Limpopo province in South Africa. Data from student focus groups...

The teaching of listening comprehension in Swaziland is marred by unsystematic practices, largely characterized by individual teacher's preferred instructional practice, leading to students' compromised performance in English language, mainly in listening comprehension.This intrinsic case-study examined the use of best practices in teaching of listening comprehension at senior secondary schools in Swaziland.The main objective of the study was to unearth teachers' prevalent instructional...

INTRODUCTION: 2.8 billion people cook with solid fuels, and combustion typically occurs in inefficient traditional cookstoves leading to high levels of exposure to household air pollution (HAP). Changes in the in utero environment may alter lung morphogenesis, however the effect of in utero HAP exposure on lung development has not been previously explored. The Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS) a cluster randomized controlled cookstove intervention trial initiated...

This paper discusses the efforts related to school health that have been put in place in primary schools to promote learner friendly environments based on a study that was done in Uasin Gishu county, Kenya. The study was guided by the following objective: to assess the health promoting programmes that have been put in place and their effect on implementation of child friendly schools initiative. This study was anchored on resiliency theory as proposed by Krovetz (1998). Resiliency theory...

INTRODUCTIONCurrently, Kenya is facing forestry-related challenges, including the need to improve the forestry and nature-based education curricula, and competencies and expertise in forestry at higher education institutions. While some western countries (e.g. Finland, Germany, Canada) have gone through reforms in forestry curricula that reinforce the competences of foresters for their work as versatile natural resource and environmental experts and managers, this progress in forestry...

Introduction: Cytokine genetic variability may contribute to differences in susceptibility to air pollution-induced inflammatory pathology. Aims: To determine the maternal cytokine single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) prevalence hence susceptibility to inflammatory pathology in a birth cohort. Methods: The MACE (Mother and Child in the Environment) birth cohort was recruited from public sector antenatal clinics, at first trimester in Durban, South Africa. Land use regression modelling was...

Ten targeted health facilities supported by Damien Foundation (a Belgian Non Governmental Organization) and the National Tuberculosis (TB) Program in Conakry, Guinea.To uphold TB program performance during the Ebola outbreak in the presence of a package of pre-emptive additional measures geared at reinforcing the routine TB program, and ensuring Ebola infection control, health-workers safety and motivation.A retrospective comparative cohort study of a TB program assessing the performance...

To determine whether, and how, sexual behaviour of HIV-negative individuals in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) changes upon learning their serostatus.We systematically reviewed the published literature using EMBASE and Medline to search for publications between 2004 and 2014. We included studies that quantified behaviour change (condom use, number of sexual partners or sex acts) following an HIV test in HIV-negative adults in SSA, and extracted relevant data including study characteristics and...

INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, institutions of higher education in Tanzania have been embracing various ICT solutions especially Learning Management Systems (LMS) to improve the quality of teaching and learning. These developments have been accelerated by the Government's efforts to improve ICT infrastructure such as implementation of the national submarine fibre-optic cable SEACOM. The SEACOM has reduced telecommunication costs by 95% (Swarts & Wachira 2010) and increased Internet speed up to...

Household food insecurity and lack of education are two of the most remarkable deprivations which developing countries are currently experiencing. Evidences from different studies showed that health and nutrition problems are major barriers to educational access and achievement in low-income countries which poses a serious challenge on effort towards the achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Evidence on the link between food security and school attendance is very important to address this...

Historically, Business Education started in the U.S.A. in or around 1749, and in Nigeria, in the 1920s with the missionaries and the private sector playing the leading role. Initially, Business Education in Nigeria had the problems of visibility and awareness, but efforts to overcome the difficulties were crowned by the National Policy on Education, 1979, revised, 2004. This policy represents full government recognition of Business Education as an important component of the National...

It is quit unfortunate that methods of teaching Basic Science is not adequate. Hence, there is need to investigate methods that can be effective in teaching the subject in Nigerian Primary Schools. Thus, the objective of the study was to determine the effect of play way method on the achievement of the primary one pupils in Basic Science in Udenu Local Government Education Authority of Enugu State, Nigeria. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research design. The study was carried out in...

This paper analyses the opportunities and challenges of academic staff in higher education in Africa.The paper argues that recruitment, appointment and promotion of academic staff should depend highly on their productivity (positive production per individual human resource).The staff profile and qualifications should be posted on the University website in order to promote publicity and networking among scholars.The paper observes several challenges that face the African Universities today...

Post-war education is usually considered a positive contributor to peacebuilding; however, it can also reinforce divisive perspectives. Textbooks and learning materials can be instrumental in maintaining or exacerbating existing inequalities. This paper uses case study literature reviews of Afghanistan, South Sudan and Sri Lanka to explore the ways in which primary learning materials extend existing challenges of post-war education and potentially create new ones. An analysis of the...

This article contributes to discussion on uses of English and other languages in international higher education.The authors draw on Atkinson's (2004) model of five overlapping cultures (national, professional-academic, student, youth and classroom) in an educational setting to examine students' uses of English and Arabic in one higher education institution in Syria.Although modest in scale, this is of particular value as there is little existing data on this topic.Fifteen semi-structured...