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The conference ¿Dakar Framework for Action¿ held in Dakar, Senegal, April 26-28, 2000, declared that education is not only the key to sustainable development, but also a fundamental human right. It was stated that by 2015 all children must have access to and be able to complete primary school. The elimination of gender disparities in access to primary and secondary education by 2005 and a 50% improvement in adult literacy level by 2015 were also urged. In setting these goals, the conference...
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The application of computers in Kenya is relatively uncommon, and the facilities and stage of professional and organisational development in Kenya appear to reflect this. This article describes the views of a group of pupils and their teacher regarding the impact of a computer-based instruction (CBI) programme that involved the collaborative learning of a physics course on measurement. Three secondary schools and a total of 118 pupils were studied in three classrooms, one class acting as a...
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Studies were carried out on 855 pupils of classes 3, 5 and 7 (age range 5-16 years) attending 17 primary schools in the Health District, Cameroon, to determine the infection pattern of Schistosoma haematobium in its different communities. The results reveal prevalence rates of 9.7 % for urinary schistosomiasis and 11.6 % for haemuturia. The focal area for Schistosomiasis was Barombi kotto with a prevalence rate of 75.9 %, a finding not significantly different from 78.2 % for haematuria. Low...
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ABSTRACT This paper examines whether a video produced by young African people could serve the goal of education for understanding ‘others’ in the context of Japan. This was investigated by assessing Japanese pupils’ perceptions of Africa before and after viewing a video produced by Kenyan students. Data were gathered from Japanese pupils’ drawings. The result suggests that, after seeing the test video, the pupils changed their perceptions of Africa significantly. This concluded that video...
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As a historically Black institution (HBI) which recently admitted students of all races, the University of Natal Medical Faculty (South Africa) must now provide a conducive learning environment for all students. Based on casual observations that second year medical students associated along racial/ethnic and gender lines in an academic setting (Histology laboratory), the present study discusses these phenomena from historical, political and cultural perspectives. English, as the medium of...
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While Koranic schools are omnipresent throughout Somaliland and can boast a student enrolment rate of 60% compared to just 17% in primary schools, their contribution to basic education is either not known or thought to be insignificant. This paper reports on a survey to establish the current structure of Koranic schools in Somaliland, with a view to documenting the changing nature of the institution and assessing its potential to effectively address the expansion of basic education. It...
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Examines the training needs of practising professional librarians in the Kenyan public university libraries. There is a general, but false assumption, in this sector that professional librarians who have attained the minimum professional qualifications need no further training on the job. Many changes have taken place and many more are likely to occur, which are likely to affect the working environment of librarians. Librarians must be trained in preparation for managing such changes....
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There are increasing numbers of older African-Caribbeans in the United Kingdom. Screening instruments are commonly used in the detection of cognitive impairment, but have not been assessed within this population. This study aimed to develop culturally modified versions of screening instruments for cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT)) and to determine their sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of dementia.The instruments were...
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A case study of black college students at a predominantly white liberal arts college is employed to question continuing assumptions in sociological research that blacks represent social, cultural, and economic homogeneity and that intraracial relations are close and without conflict. The article examines the extent to which black students feel close to other black students on campus, rely on one another for need satisfaction and social interaction, and share similar values, experiences, and...
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Schistosomiasis still constitutes a major public health problem in some endemic parts of rural Egypt, particularly in school-aged children. The school-based health programme for schistosomiasis control adopted by the Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) focuses on treating enrolled schoolchildren. Children who are not enrolled or who do not attend regularly (out-of-school) do not have access to this service, in spite of evidence that the prevalence and intensity of infection are...
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The authors draw on (1) the hierarchy-of-effects (HOE) model, (2) the stages-of-change (SOC) model, (3) social learning theory (SLT), and (4) the diffusion of innovations (DOI) to synthesize a staged model through which communication messages have effects on individual behavior change by stimulating (1) involvement with media characters and role modeling of their actions, and (2) interpersonal communication. Data from a field experiment in Tanzania on the effects of an...
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Parental attitudes regarding the value of education may determine whether some, none or all school-aged children in a household are enrolled and how much formal education they will eventually complete. To the extent that attitudes are important and can be adequately measured, they should explain household demand for schooling in the absence of constraints. However, the attitudes which people express may be inconsistent with their behaviour when faced with schooling choices for their own...
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Between 1986 and 1996, 14 cohorts graduating from a Papua New Guinea Teachers' College were sent out to community schools (called primary schools in Australia). They were sent out to take up the awesome burden of educating children in what has been called 'the grim reality' of the classroom in the Third World. They have had to carry the burdens of numeracy, literacy and resource development in a country that is essentially non-numerate, non-literate and without development of its huge...