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Continuing education and training is a normal part of all engineers’ professional responsibility and despite the relatively high number of Palestinian universities (six in the West Bank, including an Open University and two in the Gaza Strip) there is an awareness that, in this special situation, training should be considered as a part of the implementation strategy and a national training institute should take responsibility for such work, preferably with feasibility studies to determine...

This is a brief story about Uganda. Since colonial rule, efforts ranging from coercion in villages to persuasion in schools have been made to encourage its citizens to build, maintain, and use latrines, keep themselves and their environment clean, and use clean sources of water. With what results?

Background. The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) is widely used to assess cognitive impairment. Although education and race have been shown to affect the validity of the MMSE in detecting dementia, whether race and education influence the validity of the MMSE in gauging severity of dementia is unknown.

This study examines differences in condom use among female and male African-American young adults; investigates how perceptions of contraceptive characteristics vary by gender; and determines which combination of contraceptive attitudes best discriminates between condom users and nonusers. In a classroom setting, 244 African-American college students completed the Contraceptive Attributes Questionnaire-2. Significantly more men than women reported condom use, both actual and intended. Women...

Oral health care in Tanzania is provided by three types of dental personnel, namely dental therapist, assistant dental officers and dental officers assisted by dental surgery assistants and dental technicians. The training of dental therapists under the Ministry of Health dates back to 1955 and takes three years after completion of secondary school education. Assistant dental officers are usually dental therapists who have at least five years of professional experience. They can seek...

A study to compare the effects of different frequencies of targeted chemotherapy with levamisole (Ketrax: JAGAL Pharma, Lagos, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals UK) as an action for the control of Ascaris lumbricoides was carried out in 3 communities in rural Oyo State, Nigeria. The targeted group comprised children, age 5 to 15 years, attending primary school within their village. Treatment was provided within the school with the assistance of the school teachers. Three frequencies of targeted...

There has been a recent revival of interest in school-based health programmes in developing countries as a means of reducing the morbidity observed in school-aged children, of improving their physical growth and cognitive development, and of controlling transmission of disease in the community at large. This study used data collected from a large epidemiological survey of schistosomiasis in Egypt to examine what proportion of infected children missed treatment from an established national...

Patient satisfaction is a pre-requisite to successful clinical practice. While an efficacious treatment is an important consideration, other variables are recognized to contribute to clinical satisfaction. This case study of a South African teaching clinic identifies and compares variables perceived as essential, important and unnecessary by chiropractic students and their patients. Method: A case study of the chiropractic student clinic at Technikon Natal was undertaken. A non-random...

Abstract This paper marks the fifth anniversary of the unbanning of various liberation movements in South Africa. A new form of power-sharing is embodied in the Government of National Unity. The paper examines the history, vision, planning and implementation of the SYSTEM programme: Students and Youth into Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. This provides a case study of the policy process in the transition to democracy. A picture emerges of a process connected both to...

This paper considers the outcomes of a sector study on science and mathematics education (Kahn, 1993) carried out in order to develop funding policy for a major donor. The first part of the paper sets the background to donor involvement in mitigating the effects of the apartheid education system. Next the difficulties in carrying out the sector study are discussed: the problems faced, the methodology and methods employed, how the outcomes were arrived at, and in particular how the conflicts...

A one year laboratory service analysis for outpatient service consumers of Gondar College of Medical Sciences Hospital was done. Data were gathered through a daily registry prospectively. 17,471 patients visited the laboratory between October 1994 and September 1995. 47.9% were from Gondar town. 72.5% paid for the services. Children under 15 made up only 11.8% of service consumers. In the year, a total of 27,982 laboratory tests were requested, 48% of which were in urinalysis and...

The first part of this article discussed the challenges of organizational development being transmitted into management education and training; setting up and operation of the Programme for Organizational Development in South Africa (PODSA), for non‐governmental organizations. Explains some of the difficulties ensuing from departures from traditional academic procedures. This third and final part reviews the difficulties of accommodating PODSA with conventional academic assessment.

An audit of paediatric plastic surgical procedures performed over a period of 13 years (1981-1993) at the University Teaching hospital, Lusaka, Zambia is presented. There are few publications of precise data from developing countries and no audit of this nature has been published from the area of Africa encompassed by this study. The purpose of the audit was to analyse the number and pattern of paediatric plastic surgical cases and to identify problems associated with their management. The...

The breast self-examination (BSE) of 690 female students in two tertiary institutions of a cosmopolitan city was investigated. The students were interviewed about their BSE practices including variables that might have influenced their BSE behavior. Results revealed that although 84.6 percent of the respondents were aware of BSE, 65.1 percent did not know the correct step and sequence of BSE. While respondents attitudinal disposition to BSE was generally favorable, only 11.6 percent of the...

For some years, news reports have revealed low graduation rates for college athletes who participate in revenue-generating sports such as football, basketball, and baseball (N.C. State Players, 1993). The embarrassment that such reports cause the involved universities has stimulated administrators and concerned faculty members to search for the reasons behind such performances. Particularly disturbing is an analysis of athletes' academic performances and results when they are categorized by...

The auditory function of sixty two Kenyan sickle cell anaemia patients aged seven to thirty years was compared to age-matched fifty five healthy controls with haemoglobin AA. Sensorineural hearing loss of 30 db and above was demonstrated in 25 (40%) of sickle cell anaemia patients and in three (5.5%) control subjects. Both sexes were equally affected. Bilateral lesion registered in 16%. Hearing threshold level was normal in 97% of the sickle cell group. High frequencies were commonly...