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In a sample of 52 high school students and 81 college students, scores on the Beck Depression Inventory and current suicidal ideation were associated with high school versus college status but not with gender or race.
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THE 1991-92 ZIMBABWEAN DROUGHT AND SOME RELIGIOUS REACTIONS BY HEZEKIEL MAFU (University of Leeds) 1991-92 will be remembered in the annals of Zimbabwe as a year of profound and unprecedented drought which caused devastation and immense human suffering and has been rightly labelled 'the year of the worst drought in living memory.'' Its enormous impact on the populace and its livestock left a trail of indescribable misery. Its character and magnitude being no ordinary phenomenon, the whys of...
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This study was performed on 1350 school children from 9 different villages in Sharkia Governorate to investigate the real situation of endemicity of fascioliasis in the area. Stool examination using modified Kato thick smear method was performed to detect Fasciola infection and other parasites. Those with negative stool samples were examined serologically by ELISA test to detect anti-Fasciola IgG. All cases with positive anti-Fasciola IgG were further examined by circum-oval precipitin test...
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On October 12, 1992, the metropolitan area of Cairo, Egypt and surrounding villages in the Nile Valley sustained the effects of a moderate earthquake of magnitude M B 5.9 (M S 5.2). To identify mortality- or injury-prevention strategies for communities at risk, we investigated deaths and injuries that were associated with the event and modeled the time that patients spent in the hospital because of earthquake-related injuries. Populations in areas closest to the epicenter experienced...
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The Konse Group is a volcano-sedimentary assemblage of Palaeoproterozoic age located in central Tanzania between the Tanzanian Archaean Craton (to the west) and the high-grade Palaeoproterozoic Isimani Suite (to the east). The Konse Group is unconformably deposited on the high-grade Isimani Suite and it is only mildly metamorphosed to greenschist facies. Although the Konse Group is quite old, its deformational pattern is not complex and the order of superposition of its constituant...
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In recent years, there has been considerable discussion of the impact of factors such as religion and ethnicity on the adjustment of families who have a child with disabilities. The role of religion is particularly relevant for African American families because of its historic influence on basic social and cultural values of this ethnic group. In this paper we explored issues of religion, disability, and ethnicity, with emphasis on how these factors relate to adjustment for families,...
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A survey was conducted among medical students and housemen in order to identify factors associated with the choice of future practice in Zimbabwe. A total of 150 medical students and housemen participated in the study. The medical students and housemen were 6.5 (95 pc CI 1.6-26.6), 4.0 (95 pc CI 1.3-12.8) and 3.2 (95 pc CI 1.1-9.4) more likely to work in an urban than rural area for at least three years because of the prestige in the community, standard of living and salary, respectively....
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The author draws on tenets of critical race theory to investigate the political and conceptual underpinnings of opportunity-to-learn standards. More specifically, he examines the potential influence of opportunity-to-learn standards on the mathematics education of African American students. Four questions are raised and discussed related to the adequacy of opportunity-to-learn standards as a framework for improving the mathematics performance of African American students. The author...
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The physiological effects of training or cold acclimation on maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2,max) and average daily metabolic rate (V̇O2,dav) of a small mammal, the guinea pig, are described. Young male guinea pigs were assigned to three experimental groups; control, endurance trained (70% V̇O2,max) or cold acclimated (5–7°C) for six weeks. Measurements of V̇O2,max and V̇O2,dav were made before and after the treatments. V̇O2,max increased significantly in cold acclimated (+29%) and endurance...
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A recent delay time tomography experiment has revealed the still ongoing processes that formed the East African Rift, the world's largest continental rift system. These new data have been used to produce tomographic images of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Chyulu Range (Figure 1), a Quaternary volcanic field on the rift's eastern shoulder. The images show a prominent low‐velocity zone where the youngest volcanism occurred directly beneath the Chyulu Range. Velocity contrasts as large...
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In South African schools risk-taking behavior is a possible contributory factor to the high drop-out rate. Health promotion in schools therefore benefits not only the health status of the students but also their educational progress. Comprehensive school health education views health holistically in that it addresses the inter-relatedness of health problems and the sociopolitical and economic factors that underscore them. In addition it is one facet of a health-promoting school. The other...
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A survey conducted on a stable, mainly rural population of 60,820 in Central Ethiopia revealed an overall blindness prevalence of 1.1%. A follow up study was carried out to accurately determine the etiologies and causes of visual loss and impairment. A detailed ophthalmic evaluation was done on 523 out of 872 individuals identified as being visually impaired. The results showed that 194 (37%) were blind (Categories 3, 4, and 5 = maximum visual acuity less than 3/60 in the better eye). One...
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The joint project, ‘Environmental Monitoring and Impact Assessment in Nigeria’ consisted of universities from Nigeria, Germany and Great Britain, and was funded by the European Union. Within the context of this project, an air monitoring station was purchased and placed in Lagos, the former capital of Nigeria. In addition to these permanent measurements, single samples were taken at different places in Lagos. A northern wind, the so-called Harmattan, transports much dust from the Sahara. But...