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Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare prevalence rates of smoking in schoolgoing adolescents among urban, peri-urban, and rural districts. Design: Secondary analysis of the Zambia Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GTYS) data of 2007. Main outcome measure: Tobacco smoking status. Results: Totals of 2378 adolescents in Lusaka urban, 1756 in Kafue per-urban, and 1386 in Chongwe/Luangwa rural districts were enrolled into the study. Smoking rates were 10.5% in urban, 11.1% in...

Background: Impaired fasting glucose level has been associated with increased incidence of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, and diabetes is becoming a major public health problem in developing countries. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and correlates for impaired fasting glucose level/diabetes in Kaoma and Kasama rural districts of Zambia. Methods and Findings: A cross sectional study using modified World Health Organization (WHO) global non communicable diseases (NCD)...

To determine whether the factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are the same among the general nurses, nurse midwives and office workers/teachers.Cross sectional.Schools, offices and hospitals.A total of 370 consenting females from each of the study groups.HIV seropositivity, medical and behavioural risk factors for HIV infection.HIV seropositive general nurses were more likely to report a history of sexually transmitted disease since 1980 (OR 5.17; 95pc CI 1.60...

A survey was conducted among medical students and housemen in order to identify factors associated with the choice of future practice in Zimbabwe. A total of 150 medical students and housemen participated in the study. The medical students and housemen were 6.5 (95 pc CI 1.6-26.6), 4.0 (95 pc CI 1.3-12.8) and 3.2 (95 pc CI 1.1-9.4) more likely to work in an urban than rural area for at least three years because of the prestige in the community, standard of living and salary, respectively....

To find out the education, occupation and health status of people aged five years or more living in a high density urban area in Zimbabwe.Cross sectional.Households in Chitungwiza.Persons of age five years or more available in a household at the time of the survey. In 1990 and 1993, 822 and 1,023 people were surveyed, respectively.Educational level, employment, rate of smoking, nutritional status, blood pressure level, and rate of disability.After the age of 24 years, more males than females...

Background Information: Impaired lung function among women in developing countries remains a major public health problem.Factors influencing this important respiratory condition are not well characterized.The objective of our study was to explore factors associated with impaired lungfunction among pregnant women attending antenatal services at selected primary health care facilities in Ndola and Masaiti, Zambia.Methods: Data on background, prenatal and environmental characteristics including...

Background and objective: Suicide among children has been a major issue and the statistics are considerably alarming.However, no studies have been conducted in Swaziland on suicidal ideation which is a starting point for committing suicide.The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its correlates.Methods: A secondary analysis of data was conducted using data collected in a Swaziland 2013 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS).The survey...

Background and objective: Suicide among children has been a major issue and the statistics are considerably alarming.However, no studies have been conducted in Swaziland on suicidal ideation which is a starting point for committing suicide.The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its correlates.Methods: A secondary analysis of data was conducted using data collected in a Swaziland 2013 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS).The survey...

There is scanty information on correlates for psychosocial distress in Zambia. Secondary analysis was conducted using data collected in 2004 in Zambia during the global school-based health survey to determine the prevalence and correlates for psychosocial distress. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate magnitudes of associations between exposure factors and the outcome, while the Yates’ corrected Chi-squared test was used to compare proportions at the 5% significance level. A...

Cigarette smoking is the single most important preventable cause of non-infectious diseases. There is limited data on adolescent smoking and its determinants in developing countries.Further analysis was done on data collected in the Global Youth Tobacco Survey conducted among school-going adolescents in Lusaka, Zambia in 2002. Weighted logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations between selected explanatory factors and ever smoked cigarettes.A total of 2175 students...

Introduction: The prevalence of alcohol consumption among adolescents is very high in Zambia, in-spite knowledge on the negative effects of alcohol consumption on adolescents. The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with alcohol consumption among secondary school students in high-cost school.
 Methodology: A cross-sectional study of 357 students in Grades 8 and 11 was conducted. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. The associations and...

The consequences of low birth weight (LBW) include death and long-term health sequelae. Limited attention has been made towards the study of socio-demographic factors that may be associated with LBW in Malawi.To assess factors that may be associated with LBW.We used secondary data on the 2006 Malawi Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). Logistic regression analyses were conducted.A total of 26,259 females in the age group 15-49 years participated in the survey, and of these, 5024 had...

Background: Tobacco use is a major public health concern worldwide.Zambia has been controlling tobacco use in terms of legislative interventions, and acceding to the World Health organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC).The study was aimed to determine the baseline prevalence of current smoking to be used in the evaluation of the implementation of the WHO FCTC. Methods: Survey data from the 2002 and 2007 GlobalYouth Tobacco Surveys (GYTS) were used to estimate the...

Abstract Background Educational attainment is an important determinant of diverse health outcomes. Truancy among adolescents jeopardizes chances of achieving their educational goals. Truant behaviors are also associated with various psychosocial problems. There is however limited data on the prevalence and factors associated with truancy among adolescents in Africa. Methods We used data from the Swaziland Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) conducted in 2003 to estimate the prevalence...

Among school- attending adolescents, victimization from bullying is associated with anxiety, depression and poor academic performance. There are limited reports on victimization from bullying in Zambia; we therefore conducted this study to determine the prevalence and correlates for victimization from bullying among adolescents in grades 7 to 10 in the country in order to add information on the body of knowledge on victimization from bullying.The 2004 Zambia Global School-based Health Survey...

Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Interest in developing countries smoking prevalence has been growing since 1999.To estimate the prevalence of current cigarette smoking and associated factors among school-age adolescents in Kafue, Zambia.A cross sectional study was conducted using standard Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) methodology. Frequencies and odds ratios were obtained to assess the association between selected factors and current cigarette...

Mental health and injury are neglected public health issues especially in low-income nations. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic correlates for serious injury in the last 12 months.The study used data of the 2007 Djibouti Global School-based Health Survey. Logistic regression analysis was used to establish associations. Of the 1, 777 respondents, 61.1% (63.2% males and 57.8% females) reported having sustained serious injury (SSI). Compared to...