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Prediction of biotic responses to future climate change in tropical Africa tends to be based on two modelling approaches: bioclimatic species envelope models and dynamic vegetation models. Another complementary but underused approach is to examine biotic responses to similar climatic changes in the past as evidenced in fossil and historical records. This paper reviews these records and highlights the information that they provide in terms of understanding the local- and regional-scale...

The quest for lifelong learning and determination to acquire academic qualifications worldwide has opened up universities and polytechnics to cater for the growing number of applicants every year. In this wise, emphasis is placed on widening access to prospective learners of all categories. But should we do this at the expense of quality if we are to promote the best caliber of manpower for the next generation and after? The answer is in the negative. Effective distance education rests on...

The introduction of large-scale desalination to the South African water resource planning portfolio is imminent, and there are indications that such projects will be launched within the timeframe of five to ten years.The Trans-Caledon Tunnel Authority (TCTA) is positioned as a likely implementing agency, and is preparing for this role by studying the implementation experiences of similar projects abroad.Australia is well-suited as a benchmark, since it has undertaken six large-scale...

Our purpose in these interviews is giving each other, and our audience, a personal frame, with basic information, of the education and the educational opportunities in our countries. We are two teachers studying in the USA. The first of these authors, Carlos Castro, is from Brazil. The second one, Marie Grace Nyiramavugo, is from Rwanda. We have experience in teaching for secondary school/high schools and universities/higher institutions.

To assess the school food environment in terms of breakfast consumption, school meals, learners' lunch box, school vending and classroom activities related to nutrition.Cross-sectional survey.Ninety purposively selected poorly resourced schools in South Africa.Questionnaires were completed by school principals (n 85), school feeding coordinators (n 77), food handlers (n 84), educators (n 687), randomly selected grade 5 to 7 learners (n 2547) and a convenience sample of parents (n 731). The...

Children (n = 812) 6–11 years of age attending 16 schools in the Kintampo North Municipality of Ghana were screened for participation in a study on hookworm infection, nutrition, and response to albendazole. The prevalence of Necator americanus hookworm infection (n = 286) was 39.1%, and significant predictors of infection included age, malaria parasitemia, lack of health care, school area, levels of antibodies against hookworm, and low consumption of animal foods. The cure rate after a...

The purpose of this research is to re-interpret the 1939 Accra Earthquake, explain the nature and cause of the recent seismicity of the Accra region, and assess the likelihood of occurrence of any major cyclic earthquake in the Accra region and southern Ghana. Combining re-interpretation of historical earthquake data of Ghana with new field data, the nature of the seismicity of the Accra region has been assessed. The results show that the 1939 Accra Earthquake was a shallow-focus tectonic...

The use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has increased rapidly in the entire education sector and teaching process. Libyan universities, and most Libyan Higher Education Institutes (LHEIs), are trying to update their processes and to make Information Technology (IT) a major factor in their education systems. This paper will present an analysis of feedback from a group of Libyan students studying abroad, in response to questions about their attitude, awareness and motivation...

Handwashing is difficult in settings with limited resources and water access. In primary schools within urban Kibera, Kenya, we investigated the impact of providing waterless hand sanitizer on student hand hygiene behavior. Two schools received a waterless hand sanitizer intervention, two schools received a handwashing with soap intervention, and two schools received no intervention. Hand cleaning behavior after toilet use was monitored for 2 months using structured observation. Hand...

To provide nationally representative data on the prevalence of anaemia, vitamin A and Fe deficiencies among pre-school age children (pre-SAC) and non-pregnant women of reproductive age (WRA), and on vitamin B₁₂ and folate deficiencies in WRA, and the influence of inflammation on their interpretation.A cross-sectional survey to measure anthropometry, malaria parasitaemia and micronutrient status. Specifically, blood samples were analysed for Hb, plasma ferritin, soluble transferrin receptors,...

We investigate the reasons for the opposite climate change signals in precipitation between the regional climate model REMO and its driving earth system model MPI-ESM over the greater Congo region. Three REMO simulations following three RCP scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) are conducted, and it is found that the opposite signals, with REMO showing a decrease and MPI-ESM an increase in the future precipitation, diverge strongly as we move from a less extreme to a more extreme...

The government of Mozambique has signed the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability (CRPD), but it has not yet been ratified. However, some of its neighbours have already ratified it. Namibia, for example, has the highest Gini coefficient of income inequality, and its legal framework is much less developed than Mozambique’s, nevertheless it has ratified the convention. This will help Namibia to raise people with disability (PWD) out of poverty. This is something...

The consequential failures of breakeven in respect to business expectations in Northern Nigeria drive around the competent knowledge acquired by entrepreneurs. This knowledge can be translated into identifiable opportunities with lucrative business openings. As such impacting knowledge on Entrepreneurship Education to yield employment opportunities through the entrepreneurship development was the bases of this Research work. Survey Method was designed and used with Multistage sampling...

Science and technology (S&T) education is crucial to the achievement of socio-economic development of any society and also a critical element in the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Standard laboratories and equipments as well as reagents are S&T infrastructures essential for providing qualitative education for producing national technological manpower. This study evaluates the condition of S&T infrastructures in the Nigerian secondary schools. The study utilises...