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This prospective hospital-based study was done at Tikur Anbessa Teaching Hospital (TATH) between July 1991 and July 1992 in order to obtain base-line data on the rates of caesarean section, pregnancy out-come, major indications for caesarean and caesarean section complications. Out of a total of 3237 deliveries conducted during the study period, 318(10%) were caesarean section. The leading or the major indication for abdominal deliveries were: repeat caesarean section, 103(32.4%),...
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An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
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African countries South of the Saharan Desert are predominately rural. A review of literature on current trends in special education in selected Sub-Saharan African countries indicates a changing attitude toward individuals with disabilities. Modern practices have been influenced by the development of basic education, the enactment of national policies, and heightened public awareness created by the United Nations' International Year (1981) and Decade of the Disabled (1981–1991). This work...
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The report provides a concise and comprehensive review of available data on past demographic trends in the region and combines this analysis with expert opinion on alternative future demographic trends (as described in Lutz, 1996) to calculate likely ranges of future population growth. A very important and innovative feature of this study is that it explicitly includes the educational status of the population in its projections. This is done by multistate population projections, a method...
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Late Quaternary activity of the El Asnam thrust fault (responsible for the October 10, 1980, M S = 7.3 earthquake and 36‐km coseismic faulting) is explored through diverse paleoseismological field methods. We trenched through the main and secondary 1980 coseismic scarps, made an analysis of earthquake‐induced flood deposits, conducted a geomorphic study of leveling profiles and offset geological units across thrust and normal scarps, and considered the geomorphology of the active fold....
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This study sought tofurther establish that contextualfactors informed by cultural experiences could influence performance on a learning task. Low-income African American and middle-income White children listened to stories read under two contexts thatdiffered in the degree to which movement and music were integrated with the presentation of the stories. The high-movement expressive (HME) context allowedfor children to coordinate movement with a musical accompaniment while listening to the...
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Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) occurs everyday in both occupational and non-occupational settings in developed and developing countries. The good news is that NIHL is preventable through industrial control laws and programmes. In this paper, an attempt has been made to discuss the problem of NIHL, its relevance to African countries and strategies for its prevention.
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The outcome of pregnancy in 120 elderly primigravid patients (35 years and above) managed at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin over a 5 year period has been studied and compared with 140 randomly selected group of young primigravid patients (20-25 years) managed during the same period in the same centre. All the patients were Nigerians. There was no significant difference in the incidence of abortion, mean gestational age, preeclampsia/pregnancy related hypertension,...
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Community Dentistry and Oral EpidemiologyVolume 24, Issue 4 p. 296-297 Oral soft tissue lesions in a black pre-school South African population Trevor Matthew Arendorf, Corresponding Author Trevor Matthew Arendorf WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Health, University of the Western Cape, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, Private Bag X08, Mitchells Plain 7785, Cape Town, South AfricaDep. of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry,...
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The study of speech and language used by African American children has traditionally focused on descriptions of the features of African American English and their contrasts from standard American English. This article focuses on recent investigations of the development of phonology, morphology, semantics, and pragmatics. Clinical implications aid the distinction among normal language development, the legitimate use of the features of African American English, and language disorders in African American children.
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Is there any empirical evidence that firms become more efficient after becoming exporters?Do firms that become exporters generate positive spillovers for domestically-oriented producers?In this paper we analyze the causal links between exporting and productivity using firm-level panel data from three semi-industrialized countries.Representing export market participation and production costs as jointly dependent autoregressive processes, we look for evidence that firms' stochastic cost...
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Use of African traditional eye medicines (TEM) is associated with the presence of corneal disease, delay in presentation, and vision loss. An interactive training programme was conducted with traditional healers in Chikwawa District, Malawi and changes in the pattern of corneal disease assessed in patients presenting to the district hospital after the training.All patients presenting to the district hospital with corneal disease for a 15 month period before intervention and a 12 month period...
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A test is made of the idea that variations in family structure (mother-only vs. two-parent families) have a major effect on the school attitudes and behavior of African American high-school students. Data from the High School and Beyond study show that coming from mother-only families has a small negative effect on education aspirations and expectations, task preparedness, grades, and the likelihood of staying in school. The effect of family structure is substantial only in regard to...