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Over the past two decades, the education policy discussion worldwide has shifted, from increasing educational attainment to improving ‘‘educational quality’’—that is, toward increasing student learning at each level of schooling (Hanushek and Woessman 2008; UNESCO 2005). An accelerated pace of international and national testing around the world has contributed to this shift. Despite widespread acceptance of the notion that improving student performance may have a high economic and social...
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Maternal mortality in much of sub-Saharan Africa is very high whereas there has been a steady decline in over the past 60 years in Europe. Perinatal mortality is 12 times higher than maternal mortality accounting for about 7 million neonatal deaths; many of these in sub-Saharan countries. Many of these deaths are preventable. Countries, like Malawi, do not have the resources nor highly trained medical specialists using complex technologies within their healthcare system. Much of the burden...
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Dabbahu is a composite volcano at the north end of the active Manda-Hararo segment of the Afar Rift in northern Ethiopia. We present 93 new whole-rock analyses, mineral analyses from 65 samples, and 9 new 40Ar39Ar dates for rocks ranging in composition from mildly alkaline basalt through trachyandesite to peralkaline rhyolite (comendite and pantellerite) erupted from Dabbahu. These data, supplemented by a new geological map, are used to provide insights into the evolution of the volcano. We...
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In the present study undertaken at the Diarrhoeal Training Unit of the University Teaching Hospital of Lusaka (Zambia), Rotavirus was isolated in 29 out of 152 infants (19.08%) with acute diarrhoea and in 1 out of 78 (1.28*) infants without diarrhoea. Rotavirus detection rate was related to humidity, but not to ambient temperature,and was independent of sex. The highest incidence of rotavirus infection occured in the age group 7-12 months.No clinical features could distinguish infants with...
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The study sheds light on the approaches of communication in higher education institutions in Ethiopia with special focus on Bahir Dar University. For this end, qualitative approach has been employed to gather the data required. The findings obtained reveal that the university anti-HIV/AIDS movements have become dependent on print media which were provided by NGOs and GOs for communicating their goals though the campaign against HIV/AIDS requires multidimensional tools. Unable to integrate...
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This paper takes stock of the economic performance of resource rich countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) over the past forty years. While those countries have maintained high levels of income per capita, they have performed poorly when going beyond the assessment based on standard income level measures. Resource rich countries in MENA have experienced relatively low and non inclusive economic growth as well as high levels of macroeconomic volatility. Important improvements in...
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The paper examines the issue of tuition-free university education in Nigeria. I argue that the provision of educational facilities, the growth in enrolment at all levels, and the costs of sustaining tuition-free higher education in Nigeria place an unreasonable financial burden on the central government and have created a challenge to maintain reasonable standards and quality. The educational structures were established in the favorable international trade conditions of the 1970s and 1980s,...
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Pendant plusieurs annees, la structure gouvernementale du Ghana a ete centralisee. Pour permettre la reforme du systeme, un comite s'est forme en 1993. Toutefois, la volonte du gouvernement de decentraliser toute l'organisation en une seule fois a conduit a une tentative de reforme mal assuree. L'A. etudie les evolutions subies par le systeme scolaire lors de cette reforme
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Organizational learning fostered through interactions with other companies can lead to the development of businesses.The objective of the study was to describe interactions between established and emerging contractors in South Africa leading to a better understanding of learning events for the latter.Emerging contractors are owned by historically disadvantaged individuals and marked by low levels of maturity.Through nine case studies, emerging contractors at their core, interactions were...
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The Neoarchaean volcanic rocks of the Kilimafedha greenstone belt consist of three petrological types that are closely associated in space and time: the predominant intermediate volcanic rocks with intermediate calc-alkaline to tholeiitic affinities, the volumetrically minor tholeiitic basalts, and rhyolites. The tholeiitic basalts are characterized by slightly depleted LREE to nearly flat REE patterns with no Eu anomalies but have negative anomalies of Nb. The intermediate volcanic rocks...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the perception of primary teachers towards inclusive education in the South Central regions of Botswana. The research employed a descriptive survey design that used both qualitative and quantitative research methodology. Two hundred and seventy‐three primary teachers were drawn from a sample size of 2950 teachers and 165 schools. Multistage proportionate stratified sampling was utilised to select teachers from these three different locations:...
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Urban environmental noise pollution has impact on the quality of life and it is a serious health and social problem. The aim of this study was to assess the sources and noise levels, and possible impacts in selected residential neighbourhoods of Ibadan metropolis. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from respondents on demographic and neighbourhood characteristics, sources of noise and perceived effects of noise pollution. Noise level meter was used to determine the noise...
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The value of statistical life is an essential parameter used in ascribing monetary values to the mortality costs of air pollution in health risk analyses. However, this willingness to pay estimate is virtually non-existent for most developing countries. In the absence of local estimates, two major benefit transfer approaches lend themselves to the estimation of the value of statistical life: the value transfer method and the meta-regression analysis. Using Nigeria as a sample country, we...
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Objective: The general objective of the study was to determine incidence of nevirapine toxicity in pregnant HIV infected women commenced on nevirapine-based regimen in the current pregnancy with CD4 counts up to 3