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iterative process and a participatory approach to communication on climate change, made of success and failure, to open the way for closer future collaboration between scientists, politicians and the public through the medium of radio.Its aims are to encourage science-policy dialogue, analyze the different phenomena and challenges affecting forests and making dependent communities vulnerable, and to identify research and action priorities.

The evaluation of metal pollution level of Logone River at Moundou (Chad) was done by measuring the amount of Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb).The water, sediments and fish samples were collected around the river at 4 sites and the concentrations were determined by spectrophotometric UV-Visible analyses.The results obtained showed that iron (Fe) had the highest concentration in water with average of 0.77±0.03mg/Lfollowed by Mn (0.13±0.01...

More than 550,000 women die yearly from pregnancy-related causes. Fifty percent (50%) of the world estimate of maternal deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa alone. There is insufficient information on the risk factors of maternal mortality in Cameroon. This study aimed at establishing causes and risk factors of maternal mortality. This was a case-control study from 1st January, 2006 to 31st December, 2010 after National Ethical Committee Approval. Cases were maternal deaths; controls were...

AbstractObjectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the proportion and quality of breakfast intake in adolescents, and to determine the effect of breakfast intake and quality on overall diet quality.Design: A cross-sectional quantitative study design was used.Setting: The setting was seven public secondary schools in Potchefstroom and the surrounding areas in North West province.Subjects: The subjects were randomly selected adolescents in grades 9–11 (n = 244).Outcome measures:...

Scholars document the emergence of apparently race-neutral discourses that serve to entrench racial stratification following the elimination of de jure segregation. These discourses deny the existence both of present-day racism and of the contemporary effects of histories of racial oppression. Researchers posit that individuals are socialized into these views. However, little empirical attention has been paid to the processes through which such learning occurs. Focusing on the South African...

Different brands Albendazole are commercially available and the efficacious brand/s is/are required for effective control of STHs infection. Thus, this study is aimed at determining the therapeutic efficacy of different brands of albendazole against soil transmitted helminths among school children of Jimma town.A cross sectional survey for prevalence of geohelminths and a randomized trial for efficacy study of different brands of albendazole was conducted among students Mendera Elementary...

Intestinal helminthic infections are important public health problems in developing countries. In Ethiopia, intestinal parasitic infections are highly prevalent because of low living standards and poor environmental sanitation. There are several areas in Ethiopia from which epidemiological information is lacking including Babile town. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminthic infection among students of Babile town.A cross sectional study was conducted...

South Africa thus far stands as the undisputed leader of knowledge production in Africa. Whereas its system is considered comparatively 'world class' by African standards, considerable challenges beset the sector including graduate education. This article provides a critical analysis of the doctoral (PhD) programme in South Africa with implications for the country in particular and the continent as a whole. The article posits that the country is simultaneously a citadel of excellence - and...

Several studies in Sub- Saharan Africa have documented high and increasing premarital sexual activities among adolescents. Younger people face social, peer and cultural pressure to engage in premarital sex. As a result, significant numbers of adolescents are involved in sexual activities at an early age which exposes them to the risk of unintended pregnancy, early marriage, abortion and STIs/HIV/AIDS. This study was conducted to determine Prevalence of premarital sexual practice and...

Mount Manengouba, a volcanic complex emplaced between 1.5 and 0 Myr, occurs in the Cameroon Line, about 120 km NE of Mount Cameroon, Cameroon. Mount Manengouba culminates at 2,411 m and is characterized by important geomorphological features (geomorphosites), namely, two nested sub-circular calderas (Elengoum and Eboga), broken cones, crater lakes (Female, Male and Beme), and domes and basin (Djeu-Seh). These geomorphosites constitute an asset for geotourism and other anthropogenic...

South African education is pivotal to societal change. However, the potential to effect that change is severely jeopardized by increases in the nature and prevalence of a lack of discipline in South African schools. Poor discipline not only has a negative impact on creating a climate at school that is conducive to teaching and learning, but it also severely damages sound relationships. Various education legislation and policies aim to uphold sound relationships and ensure disciplined and...

The study aimed at ethically assessing the forms, perceived influences, and effects of male teacher/ female pupil sexual relationships in Zambian schools. The study involved three secondary schools (one day, one co-education boarding, and a single sex girls boarding schools) and three primary schools from Mpongwe. Though there have been a lot of reported cases of teacher/pupil sexual relationships in schools, with some ending up in courts of law, incidents of such cases continue unabated. A...

The estimate of the number of people chewing Khat globally ranges from 5 to 10 million people. Its use may result in a variety of effects due to the different compounds in it with effects on the gastro-intestinal system and nervous system being the principal ones.To assess the prevalence, factors, and effects of Khat chewing among students of a college in Gondar town, northwestern Ethiopia.An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15(th) to 20(th) of April 2009 on a total...

This paper studies the effect of women's higher education on fertility outcomes in Ethiopia. We exploit an abrupt increase in the supply of tertiary education induced by a liberalisation policy. Using an age discontinuity in the exposure to higher education reform, we find that education lowers fertility by 8% and increases the likelihood of never giving birth by 25%. We explore the role of potential underlying mechanisms and find that this negative effect on fertility is channelled through...

This paper studies the effect of women’s higher education on fertility outcomes in Ethiopia. We exploit an abrupt increase in the supply of tertiary education induced by a deregulation policy. Using an age discontinuity in the exposure to higher education reform, we find that education lowers fertility by 8% and increases the likelihood of never giving birth by 25%. We explore the role of potential underlying mechanisms and find that this negative effect on fertility is channeled through...

The bone marrow (BM) is a complex tissue containing cells of multiple hematopoietic cell lineages in all stages of development. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping evaluates the frequencies of the various leukocyte (sub) populations in BM and blood that then helps in the diagnosis of leukemia's. The aim of this study was to identify challenges of setting up an advanced diagnostic tool like flow cytometry in a resource strained country like Kenya. This is based on a 2 year experience of use of...