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Redistributive systems in Africa are still in their infancy but are constantly expanding in order to finance increasing public spending. This paper aims at characterizing the redistributive potential of six African countries: Ghana, Zambia, Mozambique, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and South Africa. These countries show contrasted situations in terms of income distribution. We assess the role of tax-benefit systems to explain these differences. Using newly developed tax-benefit microsimulations for...

Seasonal variation on chemical parameters of well water at Draa Lasfar region (Marrakech, Morocco) was studied. A total of 144 samples were collected between 2012 and 2013 and were analyzed for temperature (T°), pH, total hardness (TH), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrates, Cd, Pb, and Zn. Significant difference between seasons was observed for these parameters. Highest temperature (28.72±3.16) was recorded during summer. COD and Zn concentration was recorded maximum during summer...

Although some enroll in early childhood education (ECE) programs, most children in Egypt enter the school system at the primary level. Education in Egypt is free and public regardless of level and includes parallel academic and vocational tracks. The Egypt delegates highlighted that the new curriculum will be adopted at the start of the new school year and wanted to develop two types of in-service teacher during the year for evaluation in the subsequent year. These packages differ in their...

Malaria is among the top leading causes of mortality and morbidity throughout the globe, where Sudan bears a significant burden of the disease. The disease epidemiology has been noticeably changed in the last decade. Many environmental, behavioral, and managerial factors have contributed to the change in the trend. The trainees are planned to develop a risk reduction framework for Malaria in Sudan, taking Khartoum state as an example. The participants are expected to analyze the trend of...

Test anxiety and depression are of the major challenges experienced in students' life, considering the inverse associations they have on their mental wellbeing and academic performance. Evidence from Sudan have reported high figures of adolescent's mental health problems of depression and anxiety. However, studies investigating its association with academic exam stress are lacking. We investigated the prevalence of exam anxiety and depression severity among student setting for Sudan national...

This report presents the findings of the second round of the Service Delivery Indicators Survey (SDI) in Mozambique. The SDI analyses the performance of the education sector by assessing the quality of service delivery at the school level. SDI has been implemented in nine countries in Africa, including Mozambique in 2014. The study includes a set of indicators that measures teachers and principals’ ability and effort, as well as the availability of key inputs and resources that contribute to...

QuantitativeUsing OLS models of simple bivariate and multivariate relationships, we used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program to analyze inequality in student attainment and achievement.We analyzed data from three DHS cohorts -1996, 2004, and 2015 to identify longitudinal changes in educational attainment during the EFA period of 1990-2015 across demographic groups (wealth, gender, and location) for each year's cohort of 18 to-30-year-olds.Next, to determine the extent...

South Africa’s history of oppression and apartheid has led to great inequalities, and educational outcomes are generally poor. Corruption has been identified as one of the reasons for systemic failure to improve. This paper supports the idea of corruption as a cultural construct, ‘its whole drama revealed in light of the existential insecurity which people feel towards it’ (Taussig, 1992: ,p.4).Using documentary analysis of a key report on corruption in education, along with focus group...

The objective of this paper is to feed reflection on the strategy to be adopted that can strengthen the link between education, employment and economic development in Togo. This reflection, which will be done through a succinct analysis of each of the three constituent elements of the triptych, is useful for a better steering of education and training policies in the country.

In this study, we present an investigation of the spatial and temporal variation of meteorological droughts in the Upper Blue Nile (UBN) basin in Ethiopia using longer historical record (1952–2009) of 14 meteorological stations and 23 other stations with relatively shorter records (1975–2009). The influence of using varying record length on drought category was studied by comparing the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) results from the 14 stations with long record length, by taking out...

Since the colonial era, Uganda has instituted several commissions of inquiry aimed at reforming the education sector. Despite these commissions, the sector still faces multiple challenges ranging from financing, poorly trained teachers, high level of teacher and student absenteeism, inadequate learning materials and large class sizes. The paper argues that much as policy reforms on primary education development that were made during the colonial times were criticized because colonial...

Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) is a key entry point for prevention, care and support. However, available evidence indicated the low uptake among primary school teachers in Ethiopia. On the other hand, there are limited studies that explored the major factors influencing utilizations of VCT services. Method:  A qualitative data collection methods was conducted to explore the interplay between VCT service delivery and its utilizations amongst primary school teachers in the study area....

Climate change and variability have been one of the challenges to socioeconomic and environmental sustainability in the twenty-first century.Meteorological analyses of historical drought occurrences are common in East Africa, but studies devoted to its effect on land use change are yet limited.This paper aimed to assess the long-term rainfall and temperature variability and its effects on farmers' land use change in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia over the past 30-36 years using a...

Agriculture remains the main source of food and income for most rural communities in Ethiopia.Understanding the impact of climate change on crop production can help to optimize schemes and increase yields.The main aim of this study was, therefore, to modeling climate change and its impacts on food barley (horduem vulgare l.) production using different climate change scenarios in Lemu Bilbilo district, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia.Time series anomaly for temperature showed that both annual...