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Abstract Tinnitus chronically affects between 10–15% of the population but, despite its prevalence, the underlying mechanisms are still not properly understood. One experimental model involves administration of high doses of sodium salicylate, as this is known to reliably induce tinnitus in both humans and animals. Guinea pigs were implanted with chronic electrocorticography ( EC oG) electrode arrays, with silver‐ball electrodes placed on the dura over left and right auditory cortex. Two...

Private investments in climate-change adaptation are important. First, because the costs of adaptation are too high to be met by the public sector alone. And second, developed countries pledged to mobilise USD 100 billion annually by 2020 to support developing countries’ climate change mitigation and adaptation; the private sector is described as a source of finance. Yet how realistic is it to rely on the mobilisation of private investments in adaptation, in particular for less developed...

The current climate change is different from previous ones in earth history because it is caused by human activities and is more dramatic in the pace of change.The major objective of the study was to consider the relationships between climate change, air pollution and human health.To achieve the objective of study, the study adopted the theoretical approach by relying heavily on the review of previous studies in the relevant fields of the subject matter.Accordingly, empirical studies on the...

The most important motive for work in school and in life is pleasure in work, pleasure in its result, and in the knowledge of the value of the result to the community. 1The legal education of future legal practitioners must transcend the normative principles of law.Transformative legal education (TLE) demands that legal pedagogy extends to creating awareness of the importance of transformative constitutionalism which is a means by which social justice can be realized in the South African...

Mass drug administration (MDA) targeting school-age children is recommended by the World Health Organization for the global control of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections. Although considered safe and cost-effective to deliver, benzimidazole anthelminthics are variably effective against the three most common STHs, and widespread use has raised concern about the potential for emerging resistance. To identify factors mediating response to albendazole, we conducted a cross-sectional...

We evaluate whether health education integrated into microcredit lending groups reduces health risks by improving health knowledge and self-reported behaviors among urban and rural borrowers in eastern Benin. In 2007, we randomly assigned 138 villages in the Plateau region of Benin to one of four variations of a group liability credit product, varying lending groups' gender composition and/or inclusion of health education using a 2 × 2 design. Women in villages receiving health education,...

Purpose: The study investigated the Impact of Cooperative Mastery Learning Approach (CMLA) on Students’ Achievement in Chemistry by Gender in Bomet County, Kenya.Methodology: Non-equivalent control group design under quasi-experimental research was used in which samples of four co-educational sub-county secondary schools were drawn from the schools in the County. Each school provided one Form Two class for the study. This translated to a total of 205 subjects. Students in all the four groups...

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and factors associated with it, nowadays, are increasing in alarming rates among different occupational groups. Of these occupational groups are Police officers that, often, are exposed to unique life styles and stressful situations which may lead to diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular diseases. Due to this reason, the present study was conducted to assess the prevalence and factors associated with diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose...

This baseline assessment was conducted in order to document the knowledge, awareness and practice of pharmacovigilance systems among public health care professionals (HCPs) in the Eastern Cape (EC) Province of South Africa, as a key to understanding the strategies required for the roll-out of a pharmacovigilance programme. A semi-structured, researcher-administered questionnaire was used to interview seven key informants and 53 HCP. Informal conversations and observations were also conducted...

The purpose of the study was to determine the body mass index (BMI) and levels of physical activity among primary school children in Pretoria North, South Africa. A total of 1039 primary school children from grade 3 to 7 at Tshwane townships, suburbs, and informal settlements participated in the study. Six primary schools were selected to participate in the study. A questionnaire was used to collect data on physical activity, and anthropometric measurements were used to calculate BMI. The...

Although cyber learning is the large umbrella that covers different types and sequenced generations of technology-based learning, such as e-Learning, m-Learning, virtual reality and augmented reality. There are however new forms which may include in the near future mixed reality and holoportation technologies. This study aims at examining to what extent such learning environments are used in education and educational research in African countries. Most of the countries in the African...

Objective (s): To determine the aetiological factors of preterm deliveries at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria..Materials and methods: This case-control study was conducted between 1st June 2006 and 31st May 2007.One hundred and forty eight women with preterm deliveries (cases) were compared with seven hundred and forty women who delivered at term (control). Data analysis was done using Epi- Info software (6.0 CDC Atlanta Georgia, USA). Univariate and multivariate logistic...

Education is a long process of passing useful information from one generation to another, as the Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) has commanded his followers to seek knowledge from cradle to grave. According to Mushi (2009), African indigenous education is a process of passing among the tribal membres and from one generation to another the inherited knowledge, skills, cultural traditions norms and values of the tribe. Since the African indigenous education was succeed and met the needs of its...

This paper aims to analyze benefit incidence of public spending on education in Togo, using Benefit Incidence Analysis (BIA) approach. Unlike previous studies, a multidimensional approach of well-being is used. The results indicate that when we take into account the multidimensional nature of welfare, primary education spending becomes more pro poor, and tertiary education spending becomes more pro rich. Moreover, public spending on primary education is found to be highly progressive, while...