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The increase in temperature and in carbon dioxide as well as rainfall uncertainty associated with global warming could have serious consequences for crop production, especially for rainfed systems in Africa and Madagascar. It is therefore important to assess the potential impact of climate change on cotton and rice production for future climate change scenarios. We used DSSAT models, a set of process-based crop models, which can realistically simulate the main features of several crops such...

Patients and methods:We retrospectively analyzed data of hospitalized patients from

This study documented the design, development and refinement of a professional development program, which improved teacher educators’ knowledge, to facilitate their effective use of technology in teaching mathematics. The study was conducted in two Ethiopian Colleges of Teacher Education. It involved 16 mathematics teacher educators, four Information Communication Technology coordinators, and 247 elementary pre-service mathematics teachers. The study was undertaken across three phases....

Background: Helminthic infections contribute to iron-deficiency anemia among children in sub-Saharan Africa.Children and women of the reproductive age are particularly vulnerable to iron-deficiency anemia exacerbated by parasitic infection.Studies investigating magnitude of major helminthic infections and anemia and also their association are less in this study area.Hence, the present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of major helminthic infections and anemia and also measure...

Trivial use of antibiotics is a major reason for the spread of antibiotics resistance. The aim behind undertaking this investigation was to study the prevalence antibiotics self-medication among university students in Benghazi city.A questionnaire-based cross-sectional, survey was conducted at both Libyan International Medical University and Benghazi University. A total of 665 copies of questionnaires was distributed. A total of 363 forms were completed and returned (response rate 55%)....

As Mediterranean coastal area, the Gaza Strip is likely to be at high risk for water scarcity due to climate change, thus hydrological studies are necessary. This study aims to investigate the impacts of climate change on water balance elements of the Gaza Strip and generate future projections. The Water Balance computer model (WetSPASS) integrated with the GIS was used for simulating the hydrological cycle for the Gaza Strip coastal aquifer in this study. The mean annual simulated...

The Gaza Strip is subjected to considerable impacts of climate change that may adversely affect the groundwater resource. A decrease in annual precipitation as well as an increase in temperatures are projected from an ensemble of global climate models. In this study, the impact of climate change on groundwater resources in Gaza coastal aquifer was evaluated. Regional groundwater flow simulations were made by means of a three-dimensional numerical model. The model was calibrated by adjusting...

The main purpose of this study was to determine the Impact of Promotion on Merit and Education Level bases to performance of the Tanzania Police Force. The objectives involved to determine whether promotion on merit and education level bases satisfies the employee’s desire of being recognized, valued and assigned duties which they perform best; motivates employees to offer their loyalty to the force; helps the force to retain the skilled workforce; if it motivates other employees to study to...

Although, the importance of hand hygiene in reducing the infection cannot be underestimated; it is not enough when other hygienic resources and facilities are inadequate or unavailable. To determine the prevalence of hand-washing behaviors and hygienic facilities among school adolescents in Tarqumia, Palestine. A descriptive Cross-sectional study was conducted, and data was collected on hand-washing behavior and hygienic facilities from 720 seventh- through eleventh-grade students in 4...

Significant renal impairment requires dose adjustment for certain drugs to avoid toxicity. The objective of this study was to assess the drug dose adjustment practices in patients with renal impairments in Ayder Referral Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia. A cross sectional study was carried out using patients’ medical records in Ayder Referral Hospital from August 2012 to February 2013. Patients with serum creatinine level ≥ 1.2 mg/dL were purposely selected in the first stage of the study. The...

Valid, reliable, accessible, and cost-effective computer-training approaches can be important components in scaling up educational support across resource-poor settings, such as sub-Saharan Africa. The goal of the current study was to develop a computer-based training platform, the Michigan State University Games for Entertainment and Learning laboratory's Brain Powered Games (BPG) package that would be suitable for use with at-risk children within a rural Ugandan context and then complete...

Early age at first sexual practice is now common around the world and has been found to pose both social and public health problems especially in the developing countries including HIV, STIs, unwanted pregnancy, induced abortion and Human Papilloma Virus infection. Different factors contribute to these problems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess factors associated with early sexual initiation among governmental preparatory in-school adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. An...

Most health problems are directly or indirectly associated with environmental sanitation. Most illnesses could be associated with personal hygiene and sanitation of the pupils. Freund, Graybill, and Keith, 2005) in their study in Zambia reported that little was actually known about health of children from 6-15 years and much still remains to be learned. Research now shows that risk of poor health continues throughout childhood and children's health status especially of girls, which actually...

Changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme events have significant impacts and are one of the most serious challenges faced by society in coping with a changing climate. During the last ten years, floods have caused more damage than in the previous 30 years; for example, a flood event of 22 December 2011 in Dar es Salaam led to 20 deaths, considerable damage and loss of livelihoods. Moreover, higher temperatures have led to a high rate of evaporation and very dry conditions in some...

适合到本地条件的简单、局部地基于的侵蚀评价方法的申请是必要的改进土壤保存惯例的表演和效率。在这研究，小河侵蚀形成和开发在三集水(300500 m 斜坡长度) 的 topo 顺序上被调查；并且在有不同庄稼耕种的农业地(6 m 和 14 m 斜坡长度) 上出现在腐蚀暴风雨期间。小河密度和小河侵蚀率用小河十字节调查和靠近的范围被测量数字摄影测量学。小河形成和开发通常在在陡峭的斜坡上有更宽的平台间距，凹面斜坡形状和不稳定的石头平台的条件上被观察。在地阴谋水平，小河开发被分发和突然的变化在土壤表面粗糙和斜坡长度的程度控制。然而，在集水规模，小河形成和开发被斜坡的风景结构，和凹度和凸状控制。更大的小河十字节和许多小本地小河被联系到更不平的土壤表面。例如，庄稼耕种惯例的相对比较证明了 faba 豆子耕种管理更产生 Teff...