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South African National Research Foundation (NRF) and the FirstRand Foundation who co-sponsored the FRF Chair programme.

This paper reviews recent advances in, and challenges for, weather index insurance for managing drought risk in smallholder agriculture, with a focus on sub-Saharan Africa. Despite its promise to integrate local agricultural risk smoothing with insurance principles, there remain many challenges to its mainstreaming in low income countries. Scaling up of weather index insurance pilot projects is particularly constrained by high-basis risk, related to the divergence between the calculated...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the entrepreneurship training on micro and small enterprises performance. Specifically, the study tests whether entrepreneurship training leads to success on Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) performance and whether there is a relationship between entrepreneurship training and the performance of MSEs.  A sample of 60 food vendors from Ilala District was used to test the hypothesis before and after the training. Theoretically, the...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the entrepreneurship training on micro and small enterprises performance. Specifically, the study tests whether entrepreneurship training leads to success on Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) performance and whether there is a relationship between entrepreneurship training and the performance of MSEs. A sample of 60 food vendors from Ilala District was used to test the hypothesis before and after the training. Theoretically, the...

This paper explores the application of the multi-agent system (MAS) models for understanding of agricultural adaptation to climate changes.To date, only very few studies empirically operationalise decision making on adaptation based on farmers' perception of climate variability in the MAS.The challenge particularly lies on how to isolate planned adaptation within a large traditional number of autonomous adaptation practices.This paper focuses on the implementation of a MAS approach for...

This paper aims to review the main challenges which are facing quality application in higher education institutions and universities in Sudan. These challenges became as obstacles, in ensuring the quality of the output of the educational process, so as to achieve the objectives of sustainable development, and meet the needs and requirements of labor market, locally and internationally. So the paper has stated the constraints and challenges in these institutions and provided some suggestions to deal with them.

Access to Planned Parenthood methods and new medical technologies are improving the health of women and generating new debates on reproductive rights and women empowerment.This paper set out to appraise the link between reproductive rights and female education in Nigeria.It observed that, Assisted Reproductive Techniques (A.R.T.) have particularly contributed immensely to reproductive health and enhanced reproductive rights, which are pivotal to women development.However, education and...

Mother tongue education is a cause for concern in many places of the world, including Botswana.This paper paints a picture of what is happening in Botswana with regard to mother tongue education and other places in the world and what Botswana can emulate, adopt, or adapt.This is important to enable Botswana to set the ball rolling in the right direction regarding the teaching of minority languages in schools and their inclusion in socio-economic and political spheres of life.The Botswana...

Drought occurrence in the upper Tana River basin in Kenya has impacted negatively on water resources, hydro-power generation and agricultural production within the basin. Although this is an important river basin in Kenya, there is limited research work that has been done to assess and characterize drought to provide feasible mitigation measures and /or coping mechanics for water resources management. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used to assess the spatio-temporal drought...

This study provided empirical information on determinants of climate change adaptation among farming households in Southwest Nigeria using Heckman's double stage selection approach.Three states were randomly selected across southwest Nigeria: Ekiti, Ogun and Oyo States.Data were collected in two phases.The first phase was rapid rural appraisal of the selected states while the second phase was detailed survey using a structured questionnaire administered to 360 randomly sampled farm...

Recent debate among policy makers and researcher has centered on whether informal sector employment is a result of competitive market factors or labour market segmentation.This study contributes to the empirical literature by analysing selection into employment sectors in urban labour markets of Ghana and Tanzania using worker surveys from 2004 to 2006 in pooled sample models.Results from occupational choice models suggest both labour markets are characteristic of preference for formal...

The study was undertaken in three provinces in Zambia namely: Central, Copperbelt and Western Provinces. The study sought to investigate the absence of sex education in Zambian secondary schools as a missed opportunity in the prevention of HIV infection. The objectives of the study were; to explore the consequences of lack of sex education in secondary schools in Zambia, examine if lack of sex education is a missed opportunity in the prevention of HIV, explore the views of secondary school...

AbstractThis study examines university students’ perceptions of the Ghana police service in contrast with general population studies that explain citizens’ attitudes toward the police. Two research questions guided this study: (1) What are university students’ perceptions of the police? and (2) What factors influence university students’ perceptions of the police? Using data collected from one large university in Ghana between the months of December 2012 and February 2013, the study found...

The aim of this study is to investigate Principal’s adoption and utilization of effective conflict management strategies for promoting peaceculture in secondary schools in Anambra State. The study adopted descriptive survey design. Two research questions guided the study and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance were formulated for the study. The population of the study consisted of 254 principals and 254 vice principals (Administration) in the public secondary schools of...

A descriptive survey was conducted to investigate the curriculum content organization and teachers’ perception of entrepreneurship education on skills acquisition by Basic Education Students’ in Rivers East Educational zone of Nigeria. Two null hypotheses were stated to guide the study. The population for the study was 16,647 teachers and 19,737 students. Stratified sampling technique was adopted and the total sample size used was 1,664 teachers and 3,328 students bringing the total to...

The purpose of the study was to explore factors negatively affecting the provision of GCS in inclusive secondary schools in Southern and Lusaka Provinces. The specific objectives of the study were to: explore factors affecting the provision of guidance and counselling services in selected inclusive schools in Lusaka and Southern provinces; determine the extent of guidance and counselling services provision in inclusive secondary schools; determine beneficiaries of GCS in inclusive secondary...