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This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of blindness and its main aetiologies in Bioko, an onchocerciasis endemic zone of Equatorial Guinea.Random sampling was applied, proportionally to population distribution into urban or rural areas. All the subjects underwent a basic eye examination by trained nurses. In the presence of any ocular affection or a visual acuity of less than 0.3, the subject was visited by the ophthalmologist. This visit included direct and indirect...

This paper recounts the personal and educational experiences of a Kenyan woman now living in the United States. The paper relates her misfortune of failing the primary school national examination, which meant that she would not be adMitted to a government high school. It discusses education during the British colonial period in Kenya and traces her passage through a Catholic boarding school with 300 students from all walks of life. The paper describes the woman's life in the United States...

This article describes the movement of African learners into formerly coloured, Indian and white schools and the resulting mismatch between the languages spoken by these learners and their teachers. It argues that English- and Afrikaans-speaking teachers need to learn African languages in order to understand and communicate fully with learners. However, it identifies overly academic approaches to African language teaching as an impediment to achieving this goal. It offers as an alternative a...

The Diarrhoea Training Unit [DTU] of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital in Nigeria was established in 1991 and has, in addition to treating cases, been involved in training medical students, paediatric residents, health workers and mothers caregivers on correct case management of diarrhoeal disease. The accomplishment of the Unit over a defined time frame, January 1993 to December 1999, was evaluated by employing predetermined indicators and the data were analyzed by using the...

To investigate the relationship between formal education, personal beliefs and the acceptance of cesarean section among pregnant Nigerians.A questionnaire survey was made of antenatal mothers seen over a 5-month period at a tertiary hospital in Enugu, Nigeria.A total of 1148 subjects were interviewed. Although as a single variable, formal education was significantly related to a more favorable attitude to cesarean section among the respondents, it ceased to be related when their beliefs...

The research discussed in this article was undertaken in response to the following: (1) the proposal in the Language Task Action Group’s document, Towards a National Language Plan for South Africa (1996), that a national language policy be designed to promote the development and status of the historically disadvantaged African languages and to counter the hegemony of English; (2) the Department of Education’s Language‐in‐Education‐Policy for schools which promotes additive bilingualism and...

Medical ethics is becoming an increasingly integral part of undergraduate medical curricula world-wide. The recent social, educational and political changes in South Africa have emphasised the place of bioethics within the emerging integrated medical curricula in southern Africa. The bioethics programmes that are designed are often reliant on "developed" European/western paradigms for their source material and use a number of pedagogic styles to teach the subject within the formal medical...

This article is based on a theoretical exploration of the concept of mainstreaming and actual experience of the African ministries of education in the region. The empirical part of the article is largely based on the initiative of the Association for the Development of Education in Africa (henceforth ADEA) on Identifying Promising Approaches to HIVAIDS in Education in sub-Saharan Africa. The initiative was conceived in April 2001 and it is ongoing. The article examines the application of the...

FrenchSpanish; CastilianCette étude de cas a été conçue pour identifier des stratégies d'éducation pour la santé pour prévenir la transmission du virus de l'hépatite C en Egypte au niveau communautaire. Des études épidémiologiques ont montré que les injections réalisées sans précaution et l'utilisation des instruments de soin par le personnel soignant étaient vraisemblablement responsables de la transmission du VHC. Cet article décrit un projet pilote qui s'adresse aux personnels de santé...

Electromagnetic experiments were conducted in 1995 as part of a multidisciplinary research project to investigate the deep structure of the Chyulu Hills volcanic chain on the eastern flank of the Kenya Rift in East Africa. Transient electromagnetic (TEM) and broadband (120–0.0001 Hz) magnetotelluric (MT) soundings were made at eight stations along a seismic survey line and the data were processed using standard techniques. The TEM data provided effective correction for static shifts in MT...

This paper examines the democratisation of education in South Africa within the context of the policy of educational decentralisation with regards to key policy texts, namely, the South African Schools Act (SASA) and the National Norms and Standards for School Funding (NNSSF). It begins by exploring the concept of decentralisation with specific reference to the notions of democratisation and participation. This leads to an examination of these concepts within the South African context. The...

We have recently demonstrated in the guinea pig that preventive dietary magnesium supplement can significantly reduce impulse noise induced hearing loss by on average 18 dB. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether magnesium might also have a therapeutic effect on noise trauma. Anesthetized guinea pigs were exposed to an impulse noise series (1/s) of L(peak) 167 dB (L(eq,ls) 127 dB) for 38 min. The permanent hearing threshold shift (PTS) was determined one week post-exposure,...

The use of information and communications technology (ICT) to facilitate easy access to lifelong learning for all is one of the central tenets of the UK government's drive to establish a ‘learning society’. At the heart of initiatives such as the ‘University for Industry’ and ‘learndirect’ are the objectives of increasing access to educational opportunities, thereby widening adult participation in lifelong learning. In so doing the government has invested considerable faith (and finance) in...

This article considers the social and educational context within which the implementation of indigenous San languages in the Schmidtsdrift San Combined School would take place and then proceeds to make recommendations for a language and cultural maintenance programme specific to this school. The school serves two different communities, the !Xun and the Khwe, who live in one settlement. The former belongs to the San grouping and the latter to the Khoe grouping. Research conducted at the...