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The provision of any new prevention product in clinical trial settings is often vastly different from implementation in “real life” public sector settings. In addition, use of antiretrovirals (ARV), such as tenofovir gel, for pre-exposure prophylaxis requires regular HIV testing to ensure users are uninfected before initiating and continuing product use. Therefore, before any ARV-based prevention product can be introduced to women, information is needed on HIV testing practices, how best to...
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IIt is commonly recognized that South Africa has a severe shortage of adequately qualified and competent teachers, owing in part to the insufficient production of qualified new teachers by the higher education system. This study uses aggregate data from the Higher Education Management Information System (HEMIS) to analyse the trends and underlying correlates of first-time enrolments and graduations in initial teacher education (ITE) programmes in the public higher education system between...
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The authors examine partnerships as a policy strategy for climate change governance in cities in the Global South. Partnerships offer the opportunity to link the actions of diverse actors operating at different scales and, thus, they may be flexible enough to deal with uncertain futures and changing development demands. However, simultaneously, partnerships may lack effectiveness in delivering action at the local level, and may constitute a strategy for some actors to legitimate their...
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Surveys and interviews were used to understand community resilience in forest-dependent communities facing climate change in Cameroon. Surveys of 232 individuals showed a diversity of formal and informal institutions that relate to most aspects of rural life. Although direct activities related to climate change adaptation were limited, the activities and density of membership in rural local institutions could increase the community's adaptive capacity. Twenty-six semistructured interviews...
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This paper provides a descriptive analysis on the role of motivation on academic staff performance. Following the neglect of motivation practices in many higher learning institutions, the academic staff have opted to move on as usual at the expense of students who need their expertise. The paper acknowledges that higher learning institutions have several motivational packages to boost the performance but these were depicted as being not enough to incite a sense of commitment towards...
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The global and national challenges of the educational sector and the shifting paradigms in education necessitates far-reaching changes to engineering education, especially in late-emerging economies like Nigeria. While changes in engineering education are taking place in most advanced and some emerging countries; the situation in most developing countries, especially Nigeria seems unchanged. Thus, there are concerns and persistent calls by researchers for a review of engineering education...
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Most Tanzanian Higher Education Institutes do not have the materials and technology to give students a significant practical experience in the sciences. In 2013 Tanzania was rated 159th out of 187 countries for ‘human development’ (United Nations Development Program 2014 Report). In order to supplement their current, limited practical experience, a culturally relevant, interactive seminar which makes the chemical sciences real to the world of Tanzanians was developed. This was...
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Over the last decade vast sums have been invested in Sub-Saharan Africa to enhance teacher quality. Yet improvements in quality – when interpreted as enhanced pupil attainment – are disappointing. This paper shows how Amartya Sen's capability approach can help answer the call for a renewed focus on, and reconceptualisation of, quality teaching by considering the pursuit of valued goals in teachers' work. It is increasingly understood that what teachers do, matters. Drawing on a recently...
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Background: Intestinal parasitic infections remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries especially among pediatric.Objective: To determine the prevalence of S.mansoni and soil transmitted helminthes among Ochollo primary school students, Ochollo, southwest Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the prevalence of S.mansoni and soil transmitted helminthes in the study area.The study was conducted between December 2011 and April...
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Master of Arts in Educational Psychology. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 2015.