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This note offers a review of the book "Shadow Education: Private Supplementary Tutoring and Its Implications for Policy Makers in Asia" by Mark Bray and Chad Lykins. Hong Kong: Asian Development Bank and University of Hong Kong, 2012.

House to house inspection around the University of Uyo and environs revealed apparently poor sanitary situation.This unhealthy environmental situation was largely blamed on unwholesome waste disposal habits of the students living in the neighborhood.The aim of this study was to investigate waste disposal habits of the students of the University of Uyo.Methodology employed questionnaire, interview and observation techniques.The study area was divided into three zones.A total of Ninety...

Aim: To determine the nature of pediatric maxillofacial injuries, according to etiology and characteristics of patients.Materials and Methods: The records of patients aged 15 years and below who presented with maxillofacial trauma to the Maxillofacial Clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria over a 3-year period were retrospectively examined. Patients' demographic and etiologic factors were obtained and analyzed. A P value of <0.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of...

Erkenning van gesteldheid en geskilbesleging : ontleding van Onderwysreg hofsake in die VSA en Suid-Afrika Hierdie artikel voer aan dat hofbeslissings, veral die wat op die hoogste vlak gemaak word, nie die produk is van neutral regsbeginsels nie, maar heel dikwels van ideologie. Deur te verwys na sake soos Morse v Frederick and Parents Involved in Community Schools v Seattle School District No 1 in die Verenigde State, sowel as Mpumalanga Department of Education v Ermelo in Suid-Afrika,...

The higher education system in South Africa transformed over the last two decades in response to societal changes and the new democratic order since 1994. Nursing education programmes in South Africa’s higher education sector were also affected by these changes. Restructuring in nursing education led to the establishment of a novel undergraduate nursing programme delivery system in the Western Cape, known as a “common teaching platform” (CTP) for undergraduate nursing. The CTP necessitated...

Context: There is a need to understand the factors that influence African women medical doctors to pursue international health research training because they remain under-represented in research fields but increasingly represented in medicine. Methods: We conducted a program study with Kenyan women (N = 12) who participated in a US funded AIDS International Training and Research Program implemented by the University of Washington. Interviews were conducted to understand their clinical...

Waterpipe smoking started as a cultural phenomenon but has become a social phenomenon. Hookah cafes are an increasingly popular venue for socializing. Studies suggest that waterpipe users perceive smoking the waterpipe as less addictive and harmful than cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to assess the beliefs, and associated behaviours, regarding the health-risk of smoking the waterpipe.A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of first year students at a...

This study looked at the leadership attributes of principals of the colleges of education in Ghana from the tutors’ perspective measured through a descriptive survey. The accessible population was made up of all the 1,528 teachers and vice principals in the colleges. Data was collected from 253 colleges of education tutors from 15 public colleges of education in Ghana by using an adapted version of Avolio and Bass’s Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). The results from the study...

Survey of ICT Competencies Students' ICT usage was low, particularly the use of internet and email. The respondents perceived themselves to be good in word processing and file navigation, moderate in Internet browsing and emailing.Only two percent (2%) of the respondents perceived themselves to be competent in PowerPoint with about seventy percent (70%) having no capability at all. There was no significant difference in the perceived competency among students according to gender and...

Malnutrition continues to be a major problem among school-aged children in developing countries.In Ghana, there is not much documented data on the nutritional status of this category of children.Thus, this cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of 120 upper primary school pupils, comprising 60 males and 60 females in a rural setting.These pupils were randomly selected from 3 public schools in 3 villages with similar socioeconomic characteristics in the...

This paper reports an investigation on the literacy level of trainee teachers in Information and Communication Technology. The population for the study comprised every student three colleges of Education located Ilorin, Lafiaji or Oro towns. The random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 360 students across the schools of Art, School of Natural Sciences in the three colleges. The sampled students were further stratified on the basis of fields of study and gender. A researcher...

Drawing from in-depth interviews with girls incarcerated in a correctional centre, this paper exposes the subjective experiences that impinge on the access and progress of girls in educational settings. The author posits that these lived existential circumstances reveal that the micro and macro powers continue to be symbolic of the colonial and apartheid structures which perpetuated the gendered inequalities and disparities between girls' and boys' access to education. From the narrative...

During post-conflict reconstruction, various roles are bestowed on teachers to manage the effects of violence such as peace educator, conflict resolution expert, counsellor and so on. However, there are no empirical studies that examine what teachers actually do when faced with the challenges of post-conflict schooling. More importantly, most policies often neglect the fact that teachers are not necessarily neutral in conflict. Whilst being professionals, many are also political and social...

Using data from three household surveys, we review whether growth in Mauritius was inclusive and discuss the incidence of public expenditures and taxes. Generally, Mauritius enjoys an even income distribution and low rates of poverty. Nevertheless, over the 2000s, despite overall progress, the benefits of growth appear to have become more skewed. Employment income is the main contributor to inequality in Mauritius. Social protection expenditures reduce poverty and inequality, but could be...

Using data from three household surveys, we review whether growth in Mauritius was inclusive and discuss the incidence of public expenditures and taxes. Generally, Mauritius enjoys an even income distribution and low rates of poverty. Nevertheless, over the 2000s, despite overall progress, the benefits of growth appear to have become more skewed. Employment income is the main contributor to inequality in Mauritius. Social protection expenditures reduce poverty and inequality, but could be...