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African Americans experience the highest burden of hypertension in the United States compared with other groups. Genetic contributions to this complex condition are now emerging in this as well as other populations through large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and meta-analyses. Despite these recent discovery efforts, relatively few large-scale studies of blood pressure have considered the joint influence of genetics and social determinants of health despite extensive evidence...

Most public schools in Kenya post poor results amid claims that parents are not supportive of their children’s educational activities at school. While research has shown that parental involvement in primary schools is a significant contributor to the mental capacity, social and cognitive behaviour of students, public primary schools in Ainabkoi sub-county are yet to achieve. This paper draws our attention to a study that was conducted in the sub-county to investigate the relationship between...

The repetition by the child of an education level can be beneficial for him since its aim to reinforce his skills if he is below average. However, the cost of this operation weighs on the budget in Morocco because of the high rate of repetition. In this work, we present an improved model of transition from one level to another higher by involving the internal performance of the Moroccan education system. This model is based on an automatic transition during the first years of primary...

Doctoral supervision involves an intensive, interpersonal one-to-one relationship between the supervisor and the student. Supervisors have a responsibility to guide students when choosing their research topics and throughout the research process until completion of their research projects. The purpose of this study is to explore the practices and experiences of faculty members supervising doctoral nursing students in two selected universities in South Africa. This qualitative and explorative...

Students in Kenya have been performing poorly in mathematics in both primary and secondary schools, with the majority of the students scoring below average. The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which academic self-concept correlates with mathematics achievement of secondary school students in Nairobi County. The study targeted 9,641 Form 3 students in public secondary schools that had registered students for Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education examinations for the past...

Background: Low contraceptive use among women in Niger is one of main causes of early childbearing and unwanted pregnancies, which affect maternal and child health. Education and place of residence have been cited as factors affecting modern contraceptive use. Methods: We investigated the separate and joint effects of the place of residence and education on the time to modern contraceptive uptake among women aged 15-24 in Niger. The study used data from the second round of the 2016 Niger...

Upwelling processes bring nutrient-rich waters from the deep ocean to the surface. Areas of upwelling are often associated with high productivity, offering great economic value in terms of fisheries. The sensitivity of spring/summer-time coastal upwelling systems to climate change has recently received a lot of attention. Several studies have suggested that their intensity may increase in the future while other authors have shown decreasing intensity in their equatorward portions. Yet,...

We used a cluster-randomized, wait-list controlled trial to examine impacts of a school-based social-emotional learning intervention on Congolese students and teachers. Seventy-six school clusters in two groups (A and B) were randomized to treatment or control. The groups differed in geographic location, accessibility, exposure to violence, and external donor investment. We estimated causal impacts in Group A, tested whether those impacts were replicated in Group B, and conducted sensitivity...

Background and objectives: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) has been associated with several microvascular and macrovascular complications. However, studies regarding the predominant complications of T2DM in Ghana have not been conducted. This study evaluated the prevalence and predominant complications of T2DM and assessed the sociodemographic factors associated with the development of diabetes-related complications in Kumasi, Ghana. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective...

We sought to provide a holistic view of education of the Syrians under temporary protection by exploring two schooling models in terms of policy and practice for integration. Relying on social justice (SJ) framework as redistribution, recognition and representation, and on ecological framework, we adopted qualitative phenomenological approach with both interviews with principals and teachers integrating Syrian students and related policy text analysis. Our findings indicated that this is a...

Abstract Objective To determine whether a non‐specialist health worker can accurately undertake audiometry and otoscopy, the essential clinical examinations in a survey of hearing loss, instead of a highly skilled specialist (i.e. ENT or audiologist). Methods A clinic‐based diagnostic accuracy study was conducted in Malawi. Consecutively sampled participants ≥ 18 years had their hearing tested using a validated tablet‐based audiometer (hearTest) by an audiologist (gold standard), an...

This paper discusses the extent to which the professional development (cascade model) met its goal of improving mathematics teaching and learning during the implementation of National Curriculum Statement in South Africa. Fifty mathematics teachers from ten public secondary schools in Vhembe District in Limpopo Province of South Africa were chosen purposively. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through a focus group discussion with five mathematics teachers at each of the ten...

In Ghana, youths aged 15-24 years constitute the group most vulnerable to HIV infection. Inadequate knowledge, negative attitudes and risky practices are major hindrances to preventing the spread of HIV.This study sought to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding HIV/AIDS among senior high school (SHS) students.Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis, Ghana.A descriptive, cross-sectional design was adopted, using a validated self-administered questionnaire, to collect data from a...

The study presents observed changes in climate extremes using daily precipitation and temperature data over 24 stations, covering the three climatic zones (Guinea coast, Savannah and Sahel) of Nigeria for the period 1971–2013. The data were homogenized with Expert Team on Climate Change Detection Indices (ETCCDI) RHtests version 4 software. RClimDex version 1.0 software was used to calculate 17 of the ETCCDI recommended precipitation and temperature extreme indices. The spatio‐temporal...

Health systems and infrastructure have been suggested to be overwhelmed by the large-scale public health risks from climate change. With weak health systems, the impact is estimated to be far greater in developing countries, which are already over-burdened with poor health outcomes. Yet, there is limited knowledge about the preparedness and capacities of health institutions and professionals in developing countries to respond to climate change health risks. Drawing from the World Health...

Background: Oral health remains a global public health concern.Limited available research indicates there is a link among poor oral health, socio-economic status, and other health disparities.However the oral health challenges among refugee children in African refugee camps has had negligible exploratory attention. Aim:To assess dental caries and other oral health challenges of primary school-age children in Rhino Camp Refugee Settlements in Arua, Uganda.Methods: Two primary schools were...

Introduction: The most effective means of reducing Mother-to-Child transmission of HIV is to provide suppressive HAART. Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) directly affects the achievement of Sustainable Development goals just. The unmet need for PMTCT services in Nigeria, particularly in Enugu state, is unacceptably high. This study aimed to assess factors associated with access barriers and determinants to PMTCT services in public health facilities in Enugu, Nigeria.
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Framed using queer theory and intersectionality theory, this paper unpacks the various ways in which Black South African male teachers who engage in same-sex relations negotiate and manage their identities in a context deeply riddled by the history of apartheid. Eight male teachers were interviewed using a life history methodology. Consistent with many international studies on the work experiences same-sex identifying teachers, the paper argues that the interviewed male teachers draw on a...