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Universities in South Africa have over the last few years adopted multilingual language policies with a view to implementing multilingual education. The adoption of these language policies and the implementation of multilingual education accords with the new democratic constitution which recognizes 11 official languages at national level and the Language Policy for Higher Education (LPHE) adopted by government in 2002 to promote equity of access and success for all students in higher...

In this paper we analyse the indirect effects of the boom in horticultural exports in Senegal on child schooling. The export boom has caused a dramatic increase in female off-farm wage employment, which led to increased female bargaining power in the household. We investigate the causal effect of female wage income on primary school enrolment. We develop a collective household model with endogenous bargaining power to show that, if women have higher preferences for schooling than men, the...

The policy of Inclusive Education (IE) in White Paper 6 (2001) acknowledges that all children can learn with support, and this paper emanates from research into the experiences of learning support teachers (LSTs) in supporting Foundation Phase teachers in implementing IE in Gauteng Province, South Africa. It is envisaged that the implementation of IE in South African schools would require well-planned district as well as school level support services, more than just accepting learners with...

Climate change may threaten the fisheries of Lake Victoria by increasing density differentials in the water column, thereby strengthening stratification and increasing the intensity and duration of deoxygenation in the deeper waters. Between 1927 and 2008 the lake's temperature increased by 0.99 °C at the surface and by 1.34 °C at depths >50 m, with the rate of warming increasing most rapidly between 2000 and 2008. In February 2000 there were marked thermal discontinuities in the water...

This article analyses the need for staff retention in Higher Education Institutions with reference to two selected South African universities. It highlights the pros and cons of high employee turnover in these institutions. A content analysis is used to identify mechanisms for staff retention in the selected universities. Policy documents pertaining to the retention of staff in these universities show that both universities have appropriate policy instruments for staff retention. The article...

This study assessed the teaching efficacy beliefs of third-year teacher education students from two different institutions, in three categories: student engagement, instructional strategies and classroom management. The study used a descriptive survey design. The target population for the study was all third-year students enrolled in five different programmes in each of the two universities of technology. A questionnaire, named the Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale (TSES), was used as an...

Purpose and Background: African Americans, in comparison to other ethnic groups, are often diagnosed with melanoma at advanced stages, resulting in low survival rates. One of the strongest risk factors for all types of skin cancer is exposure to UV radiation from the sun. UV ray intensity is associated with latitude; lower latitudes have stronger UV rays than higher latitudes. This study examines and compares the knowledge, attitude, and protective behavior toward skin cancer among United...

Global warming is forcing plant and animal species to respond either through pole-ward or upslope migration to adjust to temperature increases, and grassland communities are not an exception to this phenomenon. In this study, we modeled the response of herbaceous species of grasslands within the Arsi Mountains in Ethiopia under no-migration and with migration scenarios to the projected 4.2 °C increase of temperature by 2090 (under the A2 emission scenario). For 67 species of grasses and...

This article explores teacher clusters as possible mechanisms for teacher development in dealing with a number of the difficulties facing education in the South African context. It describes the benefits and challenges experienced by primary school teachers who are involved in a self-sustaining teacher cluster (development and support group). This cluster is unique in that it focuses on psychosocial issues confronting the teachers in their classrooms. The study uses an interpretive...

The success of the public service is largely dependent upon the requisite skills, experience and expertise within the state. This much the post-1994 South African state acknowledged as a strategic necessity in its establishment of a training institution in the public service, named the South African Management Development Institute (SAMDI), which thereafter became the Public Administration Leadership and Management Academy (PALAMA), and now the National School of Government (NSG). The...

Emergency medicine (EM) is in the early development phase in Egypt. There is an Egyptian Board of Emergency Medicine that has been in existence for approximately 10 years, along with academic master degree in EM from three medical schools (Alexandria, Tanta and Suez Canal). Until now, there is not a specialty society in emergency medicine or national annual meetings to evaluate the training progress and give the trainees the chance to see and be seen. It is known that each program has...

To interpret magnetic responses of different mineral settings in Papua New Guinea, field campaigns were conducted by the Geological Survey Division in two mineral fields in the Rigo District, Central Province.In December 2011, geological mapping accompanied by a ground magnetic survey was conducted over iron-rich gossan within a volcanic sequence at Kore. In March 2012, an analogous program was undertaken in a sedimentary-hosted manganese field near Kemaea village.Ground magnetic surveys in...

The purpose of this study was to find out the level of community engagement of people with disabilities in entrepreneurship programmes in rural Zimbabwe. The study used survey methods to assess community engagement of people with disabilities in entrepreneurship programmes in terms of access to entrepreneurial activities, entrepreneurial education, effects of institutional, legal and policy relating to entrepreneurship, business networking and finance/credit lines. Questionnaires and...

In this paper we describe how an Offline Personal Learning Environment (OPLE) for learning mathematics was implemented in Tanzanian secondary schools. Students and teachers' perceptions were captured and discussed. The viability of delivering mathematics classes through offline digital content was tested. Results show that OPLE can be used to improve teaching and learning in Tanzanian secondary schools.