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W. E. B. DuBois once argued that the proper education for oppressed groups such as African Americans had a special, critical purpose. He knew, as have all serious educators since Socrates accepted his cup, that education was always and everywhere political. For the oppressed, the political role of schooling had to be aimed precisely at finding the means to end the oppression. In 1930, speaking before the graduating students at Howard University, he put the issue this way: “Let there be no...
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Over a period of more than 10 years a health education program for mothers and pregnant women has been developed in many villages of the West Bank. The involvement of Catholic Relief Services in meeting the health needs of West Bank communities began in 1975 with a nutrition education project. A determined effort has been made to use local resources, both human and material, and to reach out to the women in a sympathetic manner. The goal was to improve the health standards of poor village...
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Two major felsic volcanic sequences of late Archean to early Proterozoic age are distinguished in southeast Botswana: the Kanye Volcanics and the Nnywane Formation. The Kanye Volcanics are red, purple and grey, dense, porphyritic rocks with pink and white feldspar phenocrysts in a felsitic to aphanitic groundmass. Presently, these rocks are regarded as part of the Gaborone Granite Complex. In addition to the volcanic rocks, the complex contains rapakivi and alaskitic granites, leucocratic...
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A review of maternal mortality at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu between January 1976 and December 1985 has been made. Deaths up to 6 weeks of puerperium from direct, indirect, and incidental causes were included but abortions were excluded. There were 47,361 deliveries and 127 maternal deaths giving a maternal mortality rate of 2.7/1000. There has been a downward trend in the mortality rate from 5.46 in 1976 to 1.99 in 1985. Comparing mortality rates according to...
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In a previous investigation into noise-induced hearing loss by comparing 2-month-old albino with pigmented guinea pigs, albinos displayed significantly greater shifts in cochlear microphonic (CM) threshold and less recovery than the pigmented animals 7 days after noise exposure. The present study compared the responses of 14-month-old albino and pigmented guinea pigs to the same noise parameters used previously. Thresholds for the first detectable elicitation of CM for three pure tones were...
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As part of the campaign to protect the Republic of South Africa's limited water resources, legislation has been drawn up stipulating the number and calibre of operators to be employed on a water care works. The registration and classification of both works and their operators will provide essential information for the refining and expansion of present training provisions. Four new courses in water and wastewater treatment have been approved for inclusion in the National Technical...
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Linda Cornwell, lecturer in the department of development administration and politics, University of South Africa, surveys some of the difficulties confronting educational planners in Africa.
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Using the concept of teaching as a labour process, this paper explores the relationship between the work of teaching and the control of education by the state. Ethnographic data from Botswana is used to discuss emergent themes of teachers' certainties and uncertainties; staff divisions and cultures; accommodations and resistances to control; teachers as storekeepers of knowledge; and occupational rewards and addictions. The meaning and forms of ‘centralisation’ appear as important issues,...